本文選題：多孔材料 + 夾芯復(fù)合材料��； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著當(dāng)今艦船領(lǐng)域的快速發(fā)展,水下吸聲復(fù)合材料的應(yīng)用越來越重要。艦船的聲隱身技術(shù)對其生存能力具有重要作用,如果采用吸聲復(fù)合材料作為艦船的設(shè)計材料,可以有效提高其航行安全。多功能復(fù)合材料具有可設(shè)計性強(qiáng)的特點(diǎn),開發(fā)和研制水下吸聲復(fù)合材料對于艦船領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用有著廣闊的前景。因此,對水下吸聲復(fù)合材料的研究具有重要意義。本文的主要目的就是研究水下吸聲復(fù)合材料在低頻率下的吸聲特性,用有限元計算方法,實(shí)現(xiàn)對材料的優(yōu)化設(shè)計,提高其吸聲性能。本文基于計算聲學(xué)方法,對幾種典型材料結(jié)構(gòu)的低頻吸聲性能進(jìn)行了模擬計算分析。材料結(jié)構(gòu)主要包括:多孔復(fù)合材料、三明治夾芯復(fù)合材料結(jié)構(gòu)。通過對水聲材料的駐波管吸聲性能試驗(yàn)進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬,計算了不同材料在駐波管內(nèi)環(huán)境為水介質(zhì)時的吸聲系數(shù),顯示了不同頻率下材料的吸聲系數(shù)-頻率曲線及駐波管內(nèi)的聲壓云圖分布情況,分析了不同復(fù)合材料在各頻率下的水下吸聲特性,實(shí)現(xiàn)了水下復(fù)合材料及結(jié)構(gòu)的聲學(xué)優(yōu)化設(shè)計,具體研究內(nèi)容如下:基于Allard—Johnson模型構(gòu)建了多孔材料的聲學(xué)計算模型,通過模擬駐波管吸聲性能試驗(yàn),研究了兩種典型多孔吸聲材料Si C及聚氨酯的吸聲特性,并與相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行了對比驗(yàn)證分析;以此為基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)一步計算了厚度為100mm的聚氨酯水下吸聲特性,研究了孔隙率、流阻率、迂曲度等參數(shù)對材料吸聲性能的影響,分析了不同頻率下多孔材料的管內(nèi)聲壓云圖分布情況,揭示了多孔材料水下低頻(0-1700Hz)吸聲系數(shù)的變化規(guī)律及影響因素。根據(jù)上述理論及計算方法,本文構(gòu)建了由多孔材料及纖維增強(qiáng)復(fù)合材料組成的夾芯結(jié)構(gòu)聲學(xué)計算模型,研究了三種不同表層夾芯結(jié)構(gòu)的水下聲學(xué)特性,分析了夾芯結(jié)構(gòu)水下吸聲性能的影響因素。最后,通過調(diào)整夾芯結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)合材料參數(shù),模擬計算了不同夾芯結(jié)構(gòu)在垂直入射聲波下的吸聲系數(shù)。研究了表層材料、吸聲芯材及夾芯結(jié)構(gòu)形式對吸聲特性的影響,給出了提高夾芯復(fù)合材料結(jié)構(gòu)吸聲系數(shù)的參數(shù)優(yōu)化方案。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of ship field, the application of underwater acoustic composite is becoming more and more important. The acoustic stealth technology plays an important role in the survival of ships. If the sound absorbing composite material is used as the design material of ships, the navigation safety can be improved effectively. Multifunctional composites have the characteristics of strong designability, and the development and development of underwater sound absorbing composites have a broad prospect in the field of ship applications. Therefore, the study of underwater sound absorption composites is of great significance. The main purpose of this paper is to study the sound absorption characteristics of underwater sound absorption composites at low frequencies. The optimum design of the materials is realized by using finite element method to improve their sound absorption performance. Based on the computational acoustics method, the low frequency sound absorption properties of several typical materials are simulated and analyzed. The material structure mainly includes: porous composite material, sandwich sandwich sandwich composite material structure. In this paper, the sound absorption coefficient of different materials in water medium in standing wave tube is calculated by numerical simulation of the sound absorption performance of standing wave tube. The sound absorption coefficient-frequency curves of materials and the distribution of sound pressure clouds in standing wave tubes are shown at different frequencies. The underwater sound absorption characteristics of different composite materials are analyzed, and the acoustic optimization design of underwater composite materials and structures is realized. The main contents are as follows: based on the Allard-Johnson model, the acoustic calculation model of porous materials is constructed. The sound absorption characteristics of two typical porous materials, sic and polyurethane, are studied by simulating the sound absorption performance of standing wave tube. The underwater sound absorption characteristics of polyurethane with thickness of 100mm are further calculated, and the effects of porosity, flow resistance and tortuosity on the sound absorption properties of the materials are studied. The distribution of sound pressure cloud images of porous materials at different frequencies is analyzed, and the variation law of sound absorption coefficient of porous materials at low frequency (0-1700 Hz) and its influencing factors are revealed. According to the above theory and calculation method, the acoustic calculation model of sandwich structure composed of porous materials and fiber reinforced composites is constructed, and the underwater acoustic characteristics of three different surface sandwich structures are studied. The influencing factors of underwater sound absorption performance of sandwich structure are analyzed. Finally, by adjusting the composite material parameters of the sandwich structure, the sound absorption coefficients of different sandwich structures under the vertical incidence sound wave are simulated and calculated. The effects of surface materials, sound absorbing core materials and sandwich structure on the sound absorption characteristics were studied, and the optimization scheme for improving the sound absorption coefficient of sandwich composite structures was given.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB33

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