【摘要】：尾礦砂PVA纖維水泥基復合材料,是從節約資源和提高性能兩個方面,采用大比例尾礦砂和粉煤灰替代細骨料和水泥,借鑒ECC制備技術,探索研發出的環保型高性能水泥基復合材料。課題組前期已經對這種材料做了大量力學性能試驗,研究表明該材料具有良好的力學性能和工程應用前景,但對該材料的耐久性能研究較少。因此,本課題在前期工作的基礎上開展了制備技術以及該復合材料的抗凍性、抗滲性能、抗碳化性能、抗硫酸鹽腐蝕性能等耐久性能的研究,并且從尾礦砂PVA纖維水泥基復合材料的配合比出發,研究PVA纖維體積率和水膠比對尾礦砂PVA纖維水泥基復合材料抗凍性能、抗滲性能、抗碳化性能和抗硫酸鹽腐蝕性能的影響規律,為鐵尾礦砂開發和以后水泥基復合材料在工程中的推廣應用提供科學依據。論文的主要研究內容及主要結論如下:(1)通過對試驗原材料的選取、配合比和攪拌制度的研究,確定了制備該尾礦砂PVA纖維增強水泥基復合材料的原材料、關鍵材料的合理配合比及其攪拌制度。(2)通過試驗室凍融試驗,研究了不同凍融循環次數下尾礦砂PVA纖維增強水泥基復合材料的質量損失和抗壓強度損失,結果表明:摻加纖維的尾礦砂水泥基復合材料的抗凍性能優于未摻加纖維的尾礦砂PVA纖維增強水泥基復合材料,并且給出了纖維的最優體積摻量;尾礦砂PVA纖維增強水泥基復合材料的抗凍性能隨著水膠比的增加逐漸減弱。(3)通過試驗室滲水高度試驗,研究了尾礦砂PVA纖維增強水泥基復合材料在1.2MPa恒定水壓力的作用下材料的抗滲能力,結果表明:摻加一定體積的纖維,可以有效改善尾礦砂水泥基復合材料的抗滲性能,但纖維摻量增加到一定程度時,該材料的抗滲能力反而有所降低;隨著水膠比的增加,該材料的抗滲性能逐漸降低。(4)通過試驗室快速碳化試驗方法,研究了尾礦砂PVA纖維增強水泥基復合材料的抗碳化性能,結果表明:尾礦砂替代率為50%時的尾礦砂PVA纖維增強水泥基復合材料在結構設計使用年限內自然碳化不會到達鋼筋表面;摻加一定體積的纖維,能夠有效地改善尾礦砂水泥基復合材料的抗碳化性能;隨著水膠比的增加,該材料的抗碳化性能逐漸降低。(5)通過硫酸鹽干濕循環和濕循環腐蝕試驗,對尾礦砂PVA纖維增強水泥基復合材料抗腐蝕性能進行研究,結果表明:干濕循環環境下尾礦砂PVA纖維增強水泥基復合材料比濕循環環境下腐蝕損傷速度快;干濕循環環境下,摻加一定體積的纖維,可以有效改善尾礦砂水泥基復合材料的抗硫酸鹽腐蝕性能,并且給出了最優纖維體積摻量;隨著水膠比的增加,該材料的抗硫酸鹽腐蝕性能逐漸降低。
[Abstract]:The PVA fiber cement matrix composite of tailing sand is used to replace fine aggregate and cement with large proportion of tailings and fly ash from two aspects of saving resources and improving performance, and the preparation technology of ECC is used for reference. To explore the development of environmental-friendly high-performance cement-based composites. A large number of experiments on mechanical properties of this material have been done in the earlier period of the research group. The results show that the material has good mechanical properties and engineering application prospects, but the durability of the material is less studied. Therefore, on the basis of the previous work, the preparation technology and the durability of the composites, such as frost resistance, impermeability, carbonation resistance and sulfate corrosion resistance, were studied. The volume ratio of PVA fiber and the ratio of water to binder are studied from the mixture ratio of PVA fiber cement matrix composites of tailings sand, and the freezing resistance and permeability resistance of PVA fiber cement matrix composites with tailings are studied. The effects of carbonation resistance and sulfate corrosion resistance provide scientific basis for the development of iron tailings and the extension and application of cement matrix composites in engineering. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) the raw materials for the preparation of PVA fiber reinforced cement matrix composites are determined by the selection of experimental raw materials, mix ratio and mixing system. Reasonable mix ratio of key materials and its mixing system. (2) the mass loss and compressive strength loss of tailings PVA fiber reinforced cement matrix composites under different freezing and thawing cycles were studied through laboratory freeze-thaw test. The results show that the freezing resistance of tailing sand cement-based composite with fiber is better than that of PVA fiber reinforced cement matrix composite without fiber, and the optimum volume addition of fiber is given. The freezing resistance of tailing PVA fiber reinforced cement matrix composites decreases with the increase of water-binder ratio. The impermeability of tailings PVA fiber reinforced cement matrix composites under the constant water pressure of 1.2MPa is studied. The results show that the impermeability of tailings sand cement matrix composites can be improved by adding a certain volume of fibers. However, with the increase of fiber content to a certain extent, the impermeability of the material decreases, and with the increase of water-binder ratio, the impermeability of the material decreases gradually. (4) through the rapid carbonization test method in the laboratory, The carbonation resistance of PVA fiber reinforced cement matrix composites with tailings was studied. The results show that the natural carbonization of PVA fiber reinforced cement matrix composites with a replacement ratio of 50 ore tailings will not reach the surface of reinforcement during the life of structural design. It can effectively improve the carbonation resistance of tailings sand cement matrix composites, and decrease gradually with the increase of water-binder ratio. (5) the corrosion tests of sulphate dry and wet cycle corrosion are carried out. The corrosion resistance of tailings PVA fiber reinforced cement matrix composites is studied. The results show that the corrosion damage rate of tailings PVA fiber reinforced cement matrix composites is faster than that of dry and wet cycling environment. Adding a certain volume fiber can effectively improve the sulfate corrosion resistance of tailings cement matrix composites, and give the optimal volume addition of fiber, and with the increase of water / binder ratio, the corrosion resistance of the composite decreases gradually.
【學位授予單位】：沈陽工業大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB332

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