本文關鍵詞： 遙感 富鉀巖石 氧化物含量 光譜　出處：《中國地質大學(北京)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：我國非水溶性的鉀鹽資源非常豐富,以鉀長石和伊利石為主的各種富鉀巖石的分布非常廣泛,幾乎遍布全國。如果可以將這部分潛在資源高效加以利用,則可以在一定程度上對水溶性鉀鹽資源的匱乏進行相應的彌補。針對我國鉀礦資源不足的現況、促進鉀鹽(肥)礦產資源的可持續開發與利用,本次研究將采用先進的遙感技術對河南盧氏縣和嵩縣等地非水溶性鉀礦資源開展遙感地質調查與評價。研究目的是獲取工作區的客觀基礎數據,形成綜合分析和資源潛力評價報告。為高效、快速而精準地獲得東秦嶺北緣富鉀侵入巖帶遙感勘查數據提供一定的技術支撐。遙感在巖石信息的提取方面的應用,主要是依靠波段合成及圖像增強及巖石礦物光譜特征來實現的。近些年來,研究定量反演巖石中氧化物含量來分析巖石類型從而來識別巖性是遙感巖石學定量反演中的一個方向。根據巖石化學分析結果可知,通過巖石中氧化物含量來識別富鉀巖石是一種行之有效的方法。為了能夠準確地對富鉀巖石資源進行圈定,本文選擇河南嵩縣、盧氏縣地區的富鉀巖體作為研究對象,通過ASD便攜式光譜儀對研究區內37個巖石樣本進行了測定,基于遙感巖石學的巖石識別理論,利用基于圖像統計分析和基于巖石光譜特征來對研究區富鉀巖石進行巖性識別,并通過分析對比驗證兩種識別方法的效果。然后,通過對研究區采樣點光譜的數據變換,基于多元逐步回歸分析,利用重采樣光譜與巖石氧化物分析結果,得到氧化物含量反演模型,并利用ENVI圖像處理軟件,以ASTER遙感數據為數據源,對研究區氧化物含量進行反演;通過IDL語言將CIPW(標準礦物計算)算法實現,得到研究區巖石主要標準礦物石英、鈉長石、正長石、鈣長石的質量分數。最后在算數運算和比值運算的基礎上,建立富鉀巖石的提取規則,對研究區富鉀巖體進行提取。綜合定性與定量識別結果,對研究區富鉀巖體提取方法進行綜合分析與評價。實驗結果表明,基于地面實測光譜,分析利用巖石光譜曲線與巖石化學分析結果,建立富鉀巖石信息提取模型,具有快速識別與圈定富鉀巖石資源的潛力,該方法具有一定的推廣價值。
[Abstract]:Our country is rich in insoluble potash salt resources, and all kinds of potash rich rocks, mainly potash feldspar and Illite, are widely distributed all over the country. To a certain extent, we can make up for the scarcity of water-soluble potash resources. In view of the present situation of the shortage of potash mineral resources in China, we can promote the sustainable development and utilization of potash (fertilizer) mineral resources. This study will use advanced remote sensing technology to carry out remote sensing geological survey and evaluation of insoluble potassium ore resources in Lushi County and Songxian County of Henan Province. The purpose of the study is to obtain the objective basic data of the working area. Forming comprehensive analysis and evaluation report of resource potential. To provide certain technical support for obtaining high efficiency, fast and accurate remote sensing exploration data of K-rich intrusive rock belt in the northern margin of East Qinling Mountains, and the application of remote sensing in the extraction of rock information, It is mainly achieved by band synthesis, image enhancement and spectral characteristics of rock minerals. In recent years, Quantitative inversion of oxide content in rocks to analyze rock types and identify lithology is one of the directions in quantitative inversion of remote sensing petrology. It is an effective method to identify the potash rich rock by the oxide content in the rock. In order to accurately delineate the potassium rich rock resources, this paper chooses the potash rich rock mass in Songxian and Lushi County of Henan Province as the research object. 37 rock samples in the study area were measured by ASD portable spectrometer. Based on the rock recognition theory of remote sensing petrology, the lithology identification of the potash rich rocks in the study area was carried out based on the statistical analysis of images and the characteristics of rock spectrum. The effect of the two recognition methods is verified by analysis and comparison. Then, through the data transformation of the sampling point spectrum in the study area, based on the multivariate stepwise regression analysis, the resampling spectrum and the rock oxide analysis results are used. The oxide content inversion model is obtained, and the ENVI image processing software is used to retrieve the oxide content in the study area using ASTER remote sensing data as data source, and the standard mineral calculation algorithm is implemented by IDL language. The mass fraction of quartz, albite, orthoclase and calcium feldspar in the study area is obtained. Finally, on the basis of arithmetic operation and ratio operation, the extraction rules of K-rich rocks are established. The method of extracting the potash rich rock mass in the study area is analyzed and evaluated by synthesizing the qualitative and quantitative identification results. The experimental results show that, based on the measured spectra on the ground, Based on the spectral curve of rock and the result of petrochemical analysis, the information extraction model of K-rich rock is established, which has the potential of quickly identifying and delineating the resources of K-rich rock, and this method has certain popularizing value.
【學位授予單位】：中國地質大學(北京)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P619.211;P627

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