本文關鍵詞：北京市城區生活垃圾理化特性調查研究　出處：《北京工業大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 生活垃圾 理化特性 物流 處理方式

【摘要】：本文在了解了北京市的朝陽、海淀和昌平三個區以及成都、大連、呼和浩特、重慶、南京、青島這些地方開展的生活垃圾理化特性檢測工作。同時研究了國內外垃圾分類現狀,尤其是國內北京、廣州和上海三個城市的情況。在此前提下,對北京市城區生活垃圾的理化特性主要包括物理成分、含水率、發熱量等進行了詳細調查和檢測工作,通過2012的具體數據和匯總近三年的數據,分析其理化特性的變化趨勢。并且從城區各區、功能區和垃圾分類小區三個方向對北京市城區生活垃圾的理化特性進行了調查。得出:①城區垃圾熱值均值達到焚燒要求,適宜焚燒處理,但受季節等因素影響,部分垃圾在進行焚燒前需要一定的前期處理,以提高熱值。此外在政府大力推薦全市垃圾處理中加大焚燒比列的情況下,需要更好的進行垃圾分類,并提高垃圾熱值。②近幾年廚余含量雖然呈下降趨勢,但在垃圾總量的比重比較大,廚余垃圾的收集和處理工作形式依然嚴峻。加大廚余垃圾處理力度勢在必行。垃圾生化處理的比重必將不斷加大。③鑒于目前填埋場的超負荷運轉、產生嚴重惡臭等二次污染問題以及土地緊張等問題,填埋的比例必將不斷減小。最終進入填埋場的垃圾只能是經過層層篩分和處理后的垃圾。同時結合城區垃圾從源頭到最終處置的物流情況和現行的垃圾處理設施包括轉運站、填埋場和綜合處理園的處理范圍、能力等,得出生活垃圾處理必將優先采用垃圾焚燒、提升生化處理比例,減少填埋的處理趨勢。總之,根據優先順序,結合該設施的處理能力、自身能夠處理的垃圾種類,并切實考慮運距的影響,對未來生活垃圾物流進行科學調配。
[Abstract]:In this paper, we have learned about the physical and chemical characteristics testing of municipal solid waste in three districts of Chaoyang, Haidian and Changping, and Chengdu, Dalian, Hohhot, Chongqing, Nanjing and Qingdao in Beijing. At the same time, the status of domestic and foreign garbage classification, especially in Beijing, Guangzhou and Shanghai, three cities in China. Under this premise, the physical and chemical characteristics of MSW, including physical composition, moisture content and calorific value, were investigated and tested in detail. The change trend of physical and chemical characteristics was analyzed through 2012 specific data and three years of data collected in Beijing. The physical and chemical characteristics of municipal solid waste in Beijing city were investigated in three directions, each district, the functional area and the garbage classification district. It is concluded that: (1) the average calorific value of municipal solid waste meets the requirements of incineration, and is suitable for incineration. However, affected by season and other factors, some wastes need pre-treatment before incineration, so as to increase the calorific value. In addition, the government strongly recommended the city garbage disposal in case of incineration has increased, the classification of garbage need better, and improve the calorific value of garbage. In recent years, the content of kitchen surplus is declining, but the proportion of the total amount of waste is relatively large, and the form of the collection and treatment of kitchen waste is still severe. It is imperative to increase the disposal of kitchen waste. The proportion of waste biochemical treatment will certainly increase. (3) the proportion of landfills will be reduced in view of the current two pollution problems, such as the overloading of the landfill, the serious odor and so on, as well as the land tension. The waste that eventually enters the landfill is only through layers of sieving and processing. At the same time, combined with the city garbage from the source to the final disposal of the logistics situation and existing waste treatment facilities including transfer station, landfill and comprehensive processing park processing range and capacity, the garbage disposal will give priority to the use of waste incineration, improve biochemical treatment ratio, decreasing trends in the treatment of landfill. In short, according to the order of priority, combined with the processing ability, the facility can deal with garbage category, and to consider the influence of distance, scientific deployment of MSW logistics in future.
【學位授予單位】：北京工業大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X799.3

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本文編號：1346374