【摘要】：油氣勘探過程中,氣測錄井技術(shù)是在鉆井現(xiàn)場,對(duì)隨鉆井液所攜帶的地層烴類和非烴類氣體含量進(jìn)行及時(shí)、準(zhǔn)確的在線檢測分析,進(jìn)而發(fā)現(xiàn)和評(píng)價(jià)油氣層的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。氣測錄井系統(tǒng)包括井場脫氣、氣路輸送以及色譜分析三個(gè)主要部分。常規(guī)的氣測錄井技術(shù)由于受到鉆井液溫度和環(huán)境壓強(qiáng)的限制,一般只能分離并傳輸烴類流體中的1 5C C組分,而最能反映儲(chǔ)層性質(zhì)、油層信息的重?zé)N類組分6 8C C包括苯、甲苯等的含量,受工藝技術(shù)的限制無法進(jìn)行在線分析,這對(duì)油氣層的現(xiàn)場評(píng)價(jià)以及地層層位的判斷產(chǎn)生較大影響。本文在對(duì)國內(nèi)外氣測錄井脫氣系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行充分調(diào)研的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合錄井現(xiàn)場的環(huán)境情況以及重?zé)N類組分脫出、傳輸?shù)谋匾獥l件,提出了一種新型隨鉆井液定量脫氣系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方案。在鉆井液引流、加熱、攪拌的基礎(chǔ)上,實(shí)現(xiàn)了分離室恒溫恒壓控制,提高了隨鉆井液的氣體脫出比例和油氣層解釋評(píng)價(jià)效率。開發(fā)了基于C8051F121單片機(jī)的控制系統(tǒng),實(shí)現(xiàn)了脫氣系統(tǒng)相關(guān)參數(shù)的高精度采集以及對(duì)脫氣電機(jī)、加熱器的有效控制。基于MATLAB仿真研究了改進(jìn)的PID控制器和常規(guī)PID控制器對(duì)系統(tǒng)控制效果的對(duì)比,在Keil C51開發(fā)環(huán)境下編寫編譯了傳感器模擬量的采集程序和基于PID控制算法的比例調(diào)節(jié)閥控制程序。設(shè)計(jì)開發(fā)了基于VS2010的控制中心管理軟件,通過串口與下位機(jī)進(jìn)行通信,并通過TCP/IP與錄井服務(wù)器進(jìn)行網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信,實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)脫氣器運(yùn)行情況和模擬量參數(shù)的實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控和有效管理。在完成硬件平臺(tái)的搭建和軟件的設(shè)計(jì)以及整體聯(lián)合調(diào)試后,在鉆井現(xiàn)場進(jìn)行常規(guī)脫氣器和定量脫氣器的脫氣效率對(duì)比實(shí)驗(yàn),證實(shí)了設(shè)計(jì)的可行性,實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)隨鉆井液的在線脫氣,提高了脫氣效率,達(dá)到了預(yù)期的設(shè)計(jì)目的。
[Abstract]:In the process of oil and gas exploration, gas logging technology is the key technology for the timely and accurate on-line detection and analysis of hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon gas content carried by drilling fluid on the drilling site, and then to find and evaluate oil and gas layers. Gas logging system includes three main parts: field degassing, gas path transportation and chromatographic analysis. Because of the limitation of drilling fluid temperature and environmental pressure, conventional gas logging technology can only separate and transfer 15C C component of hydrocarbon fluid, and it can best reflect reservoir property. Heavy hydrocarbon component 68C of reservoir information includes benzene. The content of toluene can not be analyzed on line due to the limitation of technology, which has a great influence on the field evaluation of oil and gas reservoir and the judgement of stratigraphic position. On the basis of full investigation of gas logging degassing system at home and abroad, a new design scheme of quantitative degassing system with drilling fluid is put forward in this paper, based on the environmental conditions of mud logging site and the necessary conditions for heavy hydrocarbon components to be removed and transmitted. On the basis of drainage, heating and stirring of drilling fluid, the constant temperature and pressure control of separation chamber is realized, and the ratio of gas removal with drilling fluid and the efficiency of interpretation and evaluation of oil and gas layer are improved. The control system based on C8051F121 single chip microcomputer is developed. The high precision collection of the relevant parameters of the degassing system and the effective control of the degassing motor and heater are realized. The control effect of the improved PID controller and the conventional PID controller is studied based on MATLAB simulation. The acquisition program of sensor analog quantity and the proportional control program based on PID control algorithm are compiled under the Keil C51 development environment. The control center management software based on VS2010 is designed and developed, which communicates with lower computer through serial port and network communication with mud logging server through TCP/IP. The real-time monitoring and effective management of the operation and analog parameters of the degassing device are realized. After completing the hardware platform and software design as well as the whole joint debugging, a comparative experiment of degassing efficiency between conventional degassing device and quantitative degassing device is carried out on the drilling site, which proves the feasibility of the design. The on-line degassing of drilling fluid is realized, the degassing efficiency is improved, and the expected design purpose is achieved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE928

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本文編號(hào)：2298751