本文選題：上市軍企 + 技術效率　； 參考：《南昌大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,隨著軍工企業兼并重組工作的開展,軍民融合戰略的深入,我國軍企的規模效益進一步顯現,民營企業參與國防建設的范圍逐漸擴大。但受到計劃經濟體制的慣性和軍工產業特殊性的影響,大多數上市軍工企業普遍存在規模效率低下、股權布局不合理、研發投入不足、人才培養機制不完善等問題,最終將不同程度地限制了我國上市軍企的技術效率。因此,研究我國上市軍企的技術效率及其影響因素,對軍企優化資源配置、改善經營管理、實現經營目標;對國家制定軍工發展戰略、落實軍民融合戰略、提升國防綜合實力、保障國際競爭地位,均具有重要的現實意義。本文首先對國內外研究文獻進行梳理,闡述現有的效率理論,比較幾種常用的測度方法及其優缺點,從而確定選用DEA法來測度我國上市軍企的技術效率。通過構建一個3投入2產出的指標體系進行測度,分析得出以下結論:我國多數上市軍企的綜合技術效率較為理想,但整體并未實現技術有效;各軍企間的差異較大,且純技術效率的水平明顯高于規模效率,綜合技術效率值不高的原因主要在于企業規模效率低下;此外,我國軍工企業幾乎不存在規模過大的問題,但普遍存在規模過小的問題,個別還存在技術無效率,要注意防止其惡化。基于DEA法測度出的效率值,再結合軍工產業的特點,本文又從股權布局、研發投入、人力資本、企業能力以及企業規模等5個方面,選取出7個具體指標,使用面板Tobit模型對技術效率的影響因素進行分析,結論為:國有持股對技術效率存在明顯的抑制作用;高學歷人員占比、總資產周轉率、總資產收益率、企業規模、股權制衡度和研發支出均對其有促進作用,但后兩個作用效果并不顯著。此外,通過與OLS、普通Tobit的回歸結果相比較,可知各項影響因素的作用情況基本穩定,并且面板Tobit模型能有效避免OLS等回歸產生的參數估計偏差。最后,根據上述兩個實證結論,提出相應的對策建議,希望有助于提高我國上市軍企的技術效率,以獲取更多的經濟效益,實現可持續發展。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of the merger and reorganization of military enterprises and the deepening of the strategy of military and civil integration, the scale efficiency of military enterprises in our country has been further revealed, and the scope of private enterprises participating in the national defense construction has gradually expanded. However, under the influence of the inertia of the planned economy system and the particularity of the military industry, most listed military enterprises generally have problems such as low scale efficiency, unreasonable equity distribution, insufficient R & D investment, imperfect personnel training mechanism, and so on. Finally, the technical efficiency of listed military enterprises will be limited to some extent. Therefore, to study the technical efficiency of listed military enterprises in China and its influencing factors, to optimize the allocation of resources, to improve management, to achieve business objectives, to formulate a strategy for the development of military industry, to implement a strategy for the integration of military and civil affairs, and to enhance the comprehensive strength of national defense. Safeguard international competitive position, have important realistic meaning. This paper firstly combs the domestic and foreign research literature, expounds the existing efficiency theory, compares several commonly used measurement methods and their advantages and disadvantages, and then determines the selection of DEA method to measure the technical efficiency of listed military enterprises in China. By constructing an index system of 3 inputs and 2 outputs, the following conclusions are drawn: the comprehensive technical efficiency of most listed military enterprises in China is ideal, but the overall technology is not effective. The level of pure technical efficiency is obviously higher than that of scale efficiency. The reason why the comprehensive technical efficiency is not high lies in the low scale efficiency of enterprises. However, the problem of too small scale and technical inefficiency in individual cases should be paid attention to prevent its deterioration. Based on the efficiency value measured by DEA method and combined with the characteristics of the military industry, this paper selects seven specific indicators from five aspects: equity layout, R & D investment, human capital, enterprise capability and enterprise scale. Panel Tobit model is used to analyze the influencing factors of technical efficiency. The conclusions are as follows: the state-owned shareholding has obvious restraining effect on technical efficiency, the proportion of highly educated personnel, the total asset turnover rate, the total asset return rate, the enterprise scale, and so on. Equity checks and balances and R & D expenditure can promote them, but the latter two effects are not significant. In addition, by comparing with the regression results of OLS and ordinary Tobit, it can be seen that the influence factors are basically stable, and the panel Tobit model can effectively avoid the parameter estimation deviation caused by OLS regression. Finally, according to the above two empirical conclusions, the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward in the hope of improving the technical efficiency of listed military enterprises in China, in order to obtain more economic benefits and realize sustainable development.
【學位授予單位】：南昌大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F426.48;F273.1

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