【摘要】：目前,國內外對開合屋蓋結構設計的系統研究仍不完善,為促進開合屋蓋結構快速發展,我國正在編制《開合屋蓋結構設計規程》,其中在抗雪設計方面,開合屋蓋因存在多個狀態以及運行問題,較常規結構有更多要求。本文利用風致雪漂移試驗及數值模擬方法研究三種典型剛性開合屋蓋的積雪分布規律;最后利用ABAQUS有限元軟件模擬積雪滑落的沖擊效應。主要工作和結論包括以下幾個方面:(1)確定了基于FLUENT的風致雪漂移數值方法。在是否考慮積雪面的反饋作用的對比中發現采用風雪單向耦合的穩態方法能較好地反映出發生積雪沉積或侵蝕的峰值位置及大小。采用標準k-ε模型更好地反應風雪流的湍流情況,并通過與實測值的對比驗證了數值方法的可行性。(2)基于躍移層無量綱體積傳輸率一致的相似準則,采用風雪聯合試驗裝置對水平移動開合屋蓋進行風致雪漂移試驗,模擬介質為人造雪,分析了不同開啟狀態、風速、風向角下的屋面雪深分布特征。與數值模擬結果對比發現:積雪發生沉積的范圍存在差異,但積雪分布形式滿足相同規律。(3)利用數值模擬方法研究三種開合屋蓋形式在不同開啟狀態、風速、風向角下的屋面分布特征,探討了矢跨比和屋蓋突起高度對積雪分布的影響,并參照現有規范提出其積雪分布建議。研究表明屋蓋高度對積雪分布的影響僅局限于局部區域;矢跨比直接影響屋蓋形狀,是影響積雪分布的關鍵因素。(4)基于Johnson-Cook本構和失效模型,采用ABAQUS有限元軟件分析了屋面局部積雪滑落對擋雪欄桿的沖擊效應。研究表明積雪滑落的沖擊作用顯著,擋雪欄桿受積雪滑落沖擊時破壞模式為發生塑性彎曲變形;而帶有擋雪夾的擋雪系統對抵抗大體積積雪滑落的能力差,通過分析總結對雪夾構造及布置形式提出了改進建議。
[Abstract]:At present, the systematic research on the structural design of the open and closed roof is still imperfect. In order to promote the rapid development of the open and closed roof structure, our country is compiling the Design Specification of the Open and closed Roof structure, which is in the aspect of snow resistant design. The opening and closing roof has more requirements than the conventional structure due to the existence of multiple states and operation problems. In this paper, the snow cover distribution of three typical rigid open and close roofs is studied by wind induced snow drift test and numerical simulation. Finally, the impact effect of snow fall is simulated by ABAQUS finite element software. The main work and conclusions are as follows: (1) A numerical method of wind-induced snow drift based on FLUENT is established. It is found that the steady-state method of wind and snow one-way coupling can better reflect the peak position and magnitude of snow deposition or erosion in the comparison of whether or not the feedback action of snow cover surface is taken into account. The standard k- 蔚 model is used to better reflect the turbulent flow of the wind and snow flow, and the feasibility of the numerical method is verified by comparison with the measured values. (2) based on the similarity criterion of the dimensionless volume transfer rate of the jump layer, The wind-induced snow drift test of horizontal moving open and close roof was carried out by using a combined test device of snow and snow. The snow depth distribution characteristics of roof under different open state, wind speed and wind direction angle were analyzed in the simulated medium of artificial snow. Compared with the results of numerical simulation, it is found that there are differences in the range of snow deposition, but the distribution of snow cover satisfies the same law. (3) numerical simulation method is used to study the three open and closed roof forms in different open states and wind speed. The characteristics of roof distribution under wind direction angle are discussed. The effects of the rise-to-span ratio and the height of roof protuberance on the snow cover distribution are discussed, and suggestions for snow cover distribution are put forward with reference to the existing codes. The results show that the influence of roof height on snow cover distribution is limited to local area, and the ratio of rise-to-span directly affects the shape of the roof, which is the key factor affecting snow cover distribution. (4) based on Johnson-Cook constitutive model and failure model, ABAQUS finite element software is used to analyze the impact effect of local snow sliding on snow barrier railings. The results show that the impact of snow slide is obvious, the damage mode of snow barrier is plastic bending deformation, and the snow retaining system with snow clip has poor ability to resist large volume snow fall. By analyzing and summarizing the structure and arrangement of snow clip, some suggestions are put forward.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU312.1

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本文編號：2263035