【摘要】：北京宣南地區(qū)，是指北京城宣武門以南的區(qū)域。這里歷史悠久，曾為古薊城、唐幽州、金中都、元大都的城址所在，歷史遺存豐富，自古就吸引了很多的文人雅士在此結(jié)集燕游。清代實行滿漢分住政策以后，很多的漢官選擇將宅邸建在宣南區(qū)域。同時，作為從南部陸路進京的必經(jīng)之地，很多的科舉考生、各地進京述職或待職的官員均聚集于此，宣南地區(qū)慢慢發(fā)展成為一個士人聚居區(qū)。在這里發(fā)展起來的宣南文化，集通俗、儒雅于一身，也是北京歷史文化的一個重要組成部分。昔日，宣南地區(qū)有著眾多的會館建筑，見證了很多著名的歷史事件，大批的歷史人物曾居住在此，對歷代北京的政治、經(jīng)濟、文化等發(fā)展，都起到了積極的推動作用，其歷史地位不容輕視。 本文以宣南地區(qū)的文化為背景，以宣南地區(qū)的會館建筑為研究對象，對其建筑的選址、規(guī)劃、布局、形制、裝飾藝術(shù)等方面進行分析，從而探求會館建筑對宣南地區(qū)乃至北京的城市變遷中所起的作用，評判會館建筑遺存的保存價值，并提出保護與再利用的建議，希望能夠為有關人士提供宣南地區(qū)會館研究與保護的資料參考。 本文的第一章為緒論部分。首先提出本文研究的背景、目的以及相關領域的研究現(xiàn)狀。之后，明確了本文的研究對象和范圍。最后，提出具體的研究方法和研究框架。 第二章對會館建筑以及北京的宣南地區(qū)分別進行了概述。主要介紹了會館的概念、產(chǎn)生和分類，北京宣南地區(qū)的范圍、歷史變遷等。 第三章從規(guī)劃到建筑層面，對北京宣南地區(qū)的會館建筑進行了詳細的研究。首先介紹了宣南地區(qū)會館的產(chǎn)生與分布。隨后，從規(guī)劃層面的街巷特征到建筑層面的院落走向、院落布局、單體建筑功能、形制、裝飾等方面進行了詳盡的分析。最后，從內(nèi)部功能空間、建筑等級和地方手法三個方面，對宣南地區(qū)會館建筑的總體特點進行了總結(jié)。 論文的第四章主要介紹了宣南地區(qū)會館建筑的現(xiàn)狀。通過實地調(diào)研，對現(xiàn)存會館建筑的數(shù)量進行了大概的統(tǒng)計，總結(jié)了現(xiàn)存會館的分布特點，并描述了其現(xiàn)存狀況。提出當前會館建筑的保護工作所面臨的問題。本章的最后，對宣南地區(qū)會館建筑的各方面價值進行了評判，并就這些價值，提出了保護與再利用建議。 第五章就北京安徽會館的保護與再利用進行了探討。安徽會館是由李鴻章倡議興建的一座大型的官僚會館，同時還見證了近代很多歷史事件的發(fā)生，具有極其重要的歷史文化價值。本章節(jié)對安徽會館的現(xiàn)狀進行了描述，對當前的問題進行了分析。在文章的最后，，提出了保護與再利用的概念設計方案。
[Abstract]:Beijing Xuanan area, refers to the area to the south of Xuanwu Men, Beijing City. This place has a long history, once for the ancient thrips, Tang Yuzhou, Jinzhong du, Yuan Dadu, the site of the city, rich in historical relics, since ancient times attracted a lot of literati in this gathering Yan tour. After the Manchu-Han policy in Qing Dynasty, many Han officials chose to build the residence in Xuannan area. At the same time, as a necessary place to enter Beijing by land from the south, many imperial examinees and officials from all over the country gathered here, and Xuannan region slowly developed into a concentrated area of scholars. The Xuanan culture developed here is popular and elegant, and is an important part of Beijing's history and culture. In the past, the Xuannan region had numerous assembly buildings, witnessed many famous historical events, and a large number of historical figures lived here, which played a positive role in promoting the political, economic, cultural and other development of Beijing in successive dynasties. Its historical status should not be belittled. This paper takes the culture of Xuannan area as the background, takes the clubhouse building of Xuannan area as the research object, and analyzes the location, planning, layout, shape and decorative art of the building. In order to explore the role of the museum building in Xuannan area and even the urban changes in Beijing, judge the preservation value of the museum building, and put forward some suggestions for protection and reuse. Hope to provide relevant people with Xuan Nan District Guild Research and Protection materials reference. The first chapter is the introduction. Firstly, the background, purpose and research status of this paper are put forward. After that, the research object and scope of this paper are clarified. Finally, the specific research methods and research framework are put forward. The second chapter summarizes the building and Xuannan area of Beijing. This paper mainly introduces the concept, origin and classification of guild hall, the scope and historical change of Xuannan area in Beijing. The third chapter studies the clubhouse architecture in Xuanan area of Beijing from planning to architecture level. First of all, it introduces the emergence and distribution of Xuannan Regional Guild Hall. Then, from the planning level of street characteristics to architectural level of the courtyard direction, yard layout, single building function, shape, decoration and other aspects of the detailed analysis. Finally, from three aspects of internal functional space, architectural grade and local techniques, the general characteristics of Xuannan regional assembly building are summarized. The fourth chapter mainly introduces the present situation of Xuannan Regional Guild Building. Through field investigation, this paper makes a general statistic on the number of existing clubhouse buildings, summarizes the distribution characteristics of existing guild halls, and describes the existing situation. This paper puts forward the problems faced by the protection work of the present clubhouse building. At the end of this chapter, the value of Xuannan Regional Guild Building is evaluated, and suggestions for protection and reuse are put forward. The fifth chapter discusses the protection and reuse of Beijing Anhui guild hall. Anhui Guild Hall is a large bureaucratic clubhouse initiated by Li Hongzhang. At the same time, it has witnessed the occurrence of many historical events in modern times and has extremely important historical and cultural value. This chapter describes the current situation of Anhui Huiguan, and analyzes the current problems. At the end of the paper, the conceptual design of protection and reuse is proposed.
【學位授予單位】：北京建筑大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU242;TU-87

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