【摘要】：基督宗教文化是西方文明的根基,宗教音樂則是西方音樂體系的源頭。在有著漫長政教合—歷史的歐洲,教會作為社會的中堅力量而決定著歐洲國家的政治、經濟命運,更左右著其文化的繁衍生息。因此,歐洲音樂是在宗教文化的土壤之上生長起來的,其變化發展與宗教的歷史息息相關。發生在1300年至1650年的歐洲文藝復興運動提出了以人的價值為中心的人文主義思想,在提倡解放人的意識與個性的文化氛圍中,以往宗教體制中森嚴與非人性的弊端暴露無疑地展現出來。16世紀20年代末由馬丁·路德領導的宗教改革運動是針對羅馬天主教會在德國大肆擴張的腐敗之風而進行的一系列教規、教儀的改革,歐洲北部國家紛紛脫離天主教而成立新教。與此同時,羅馬天主教會面對歐洲北部國家與其脫離之勢,也進行了自身的改革運動,我們稱其為對應宗教改革①。這場新教與舊教雙方的重大變革在文藝復興思潮的背景之下展開,歷時半個多世紀,是人文主義思想在宗教領域的深刻體現,當然也從側面反映出文藝復興運動的實質,即它并非我們以往普遍認識上的“解放人性,反對神性”的片面之辭,而是在充滿宗教熱忱中的對人自身價值的肯定,是將基督宗教視為人文主義的終極關切而存在的。教會音樂作為教儀活動的重要組成部分,新教與舊教雙方在這場變革中都提出了對教會音樂使用原則的新主張,這無疑直接影響到歐洲音樂的發展。本文以文藝復興時期代表了復調音樂最高成就的作曲家帕勒斯特里那的代表作《馬爾切里教皇彌撒曲》為研究對象,在對音樂作品本體特征做出分析的同時,將宗教改革與對應宗教改革時期的社會背景以及新教與舊教之間錯綜復雜的關系予以厘清與解讀,旨在客觀地認識人文主義思想與宗教之間相輔相成而并非對立矛盾的關系,從而更全面地認識作品所表達的宗教內涵,實現對作品的全面理解。
[Abstract]:Christian culture is the foundation of western civilization, and religious music is the source of western music system. In Europe, with a long history of political and religious cooperation, the church, as the backbone of society, determines the political and economic fate of European countries and the reproduction of their culture. Therefore, European music grows on the soil of religious culture, and its changes and development are closely related to the history of religion. The European Renaissance, which took place between 1300 and 1650, put forward humanism centered on human values, and advocated the cultural atmosphere of liberating people's consciousness and individuality. The exposure of strict and inhuman defects in the past religious system unquestionably revealed that the religious reform movement led by Martin Luther in the late 1620s was a response to the corrupt wind of the Roman Catholic Church's wanton expansion in Germany. A series of precepts, With the reform of religious rites, the northern European countries broke away from Catholicism and established Protestantism. At the same time, the Roman Catholic Church has launched its own reform campaign in the face of the secession of northern Europe, which we call the Reformation of the Religion. This major change between the Protestant and the Old religions, which lasted more than half a century under the background of the Renaissance trend of thought, is a profound embodiment of humanism in the religious field, and of course also reflects the essence of the Renaissance movement from the side. That is to say, it is not the one-sided word of "liberating human nature and opposing divinity", but the affirmation of man's own value which is full of religious enthusiasm, and the Christian religion is regarded as the ultimate concern of humanism. Church music is an important part of the teaching instrument. Both Protestant and old religions put forward new ideas on the principles of the use of church music in this revolution, which undoubtedly has a direct impact on the development of European music. In this paper, the representative work of Palestrina, a composer who represented the highest achievement of polyphonic music in the Renaissance period, "Pope Marchery Mass", is taken as the research object. At the same time, the author makes an analysis of the Noumenon characteristics of the music works. This paper clarifies and interprets the social background of religious reform and its corresponding period, as well as the complicated relationship between Protestantism and old religion, in order to objectively understand the relationship between humanism and religion, which is complementary but not contradictory. In order to fully understand the religious connotations expressed in the works, to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the works.
【學位授予單位】：西北師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：J608

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