【摘要】：目前國內電動汽車在電機、電池等關鍵部件的基本性能上與國外先進技術水平差距不大,但在電動汽車驅動技術、系統集成控制方面與國外相比還有不小差距。電動汽車需要解決的關鍵問題之一是電機驅動控制及其集成技術。無刷直流電動機(BLDCM)在電動汽車車載空調系統中應用時位置傳感器和驅動器帶來了一系列的缺陷與不足,因此開展對無刷直流電機無位置傳感器控制和驅動集成研究具有一定的理論和實用價值。 本課題作為中國科學院知識創新工程重要方向性項目“電動汽車集成功率控制單元關鍵技術研究”的一部分,以TI公司的DSP嵌入式控制芯片TMS320F28335為基礎對無位置傳感器無刷直流電機驅動控制系統及新穎的集成式電機驅動-車載充電器系統結構展開研究。 首先本文在對無刷直流電動機數學模型,基本工作原理的分析基礎上,研究了無刷直流電機無位置控制的關鍵技術,討論了無刷直流電機位置檢測方法,并采用反電勢過零點法在Matlab中建立了改進的無刷直流電機無位置傳感器控制系統仿真模型,使系統更直觀、簡化,更加貼近實際控制系統,為無刷直流電機無位置傳感控制系統的設計與調試提供了新的方法。通過仿真結果得到的定子三相電流波形和反電動勢波形與理論分析得到的波形一致,驗證了該無位置傳感器控制系統的正確性。 其次本文提出無刷直流電機集成化電機驅動-車載充電器拓撲結構,該拓撲結構具備驅動電機和快速車載充電器兩種功能,并且結構拓撲簡單,成本低,主驅動電路的功率開關器件復用,高效等優點。并針對集成式車載充電器提出一種三級并聯功率因數校正方法,詳細分析了交錯并聯不同移相控制策略對輸入電流諧波消除效果的影響并給出數學推導過程,并在Simulink平臺上搭建了CCM工作模式三級并聯PFC,驗證三級并聯PFC采取移相控制策對集成式車載充電器的功率因數校正的可行性。 最后本文對無刷直流電機無位置控制系統進行了硬、軟件詳細設計與說明。硬件設計主要包括控制電路,功率驅動電路,檢測保護電路,顯示和通訊電路,系統軟件是采用模塊化編程思想應用C語言編寫完成,然后結合系統硬件對無刷直流電機無位置傳感器控制系統進行實驗研究。實驗結果表明無刷直流電機無位置驅動控制系統速度響應快速精準,穩定可靠。
[Abstract]:At present, the basic performance of electric vehicle in China is not far from that of foreign advanced technology, but there is still a big gap in driving technology and system integrated control of electric vehicle. One of the key problems of electric vehicle is motor drive control and its integrated technology. When the brushless DC motor (BLDCM) is applied in the vehicle air conditioning system of electric vehicle, the position sensor and driver bring a series of defects and deficiencies. Therefore, the research on position sensorless control and drive integration of brushless DC motor has certain theoretical and practical value. This topic is a part of the important directional project of knowledge innovation engineering of Chinese Academy of Sciences, "Research on key Technology of Electric vehicle Integrated Power Control Unit". Based on TI's DSP embedded control chip TMS320F28335, the structure of position sensorless brushless DC motor drive control system and a novel integrated motor driving-on-board charger system are studied. Firstly, based on the analysis of the mathematical model and basic working principle of brushless DC motor, the key technology of position control of brushless DC motor is studied, and the position detection method of brushless DC motor is discussed. An improved simulation model of position sensorless control system of brushless DC motor is established in Matlab by using inverse EMF zero-crossing point method, which makes the system more intuitive, simplified and closer to the actual control system. It provides a new method for designing and debugging the sensorless control system of brushless DC motor. The simulation results show that the stator three-phase current waveform and the back EMF waveform are consistent with those obtained by theoretical analysis, and the correctness of the sensorless control system is verified. Secondly, this paper presents a brushless DC motor driving-on-board charger topology, which has two functions: drive motor and fast on-board charger, and has simple topology and low cost. The power switch of the main drive circuit has the advantages of multiplexing and high efficiency. A three-stage parallel power factor correction (PFC) method is proposed for integrated vehicle chargers. The effect of different phase shift control strategies in staggered parallel connection on harmonic elimination of input current is analyzed in detail and the mathematical derivation process is given. At the same time, the three-stage parallel CCM operating mode is built on Simulink platform, which verifies the feasibility of the three-stage parallel PFC adopting phase-shift control strategy to the power factor correction of the integrated on-board charger. Finally, the hardware and software of brushless DC motor position control system are designed and explained in detail. The hardware design mainly includes control circuit, power drive circuit, detection and protection circuit, display and communication circuit. Then the position sensorless control system of brushless DC motor is studied with hardware. The experimental results show that the speed response of brushless DC motor sensorless drive control system is fast, accurate, stable and reliable.
【學位授予單位】：廣東工業大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM33

【引證文獻】

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1 夏范昌;低功耗藍牙純電動智能車監測系統的開發[D];湖南大學;2016年

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本文編號：2144109