【摘要】：能量是制約無線傳感器網絡生命周期的重要問題。傳統低功耗的無線傳感器網絡,一般使用電池進行供電。電池的周期性更換將大大提高網絡維護的成本,且電池有限的能量也制約了整個無線傳感器網絡的可持續運行。為了使無線傳感器網絡可持續的工作,本文從能量收集與能量管理兩方面展開工作。本文設計了能夠主動收集射頻能量的無線可充電傳感器網絡,其中的無線可充電傳感器節點能夠將收集到的射頻能量轉換為直流能量給自身供電。本文在調研能量管理技術的基礎上,以隨機事件捕獲為背景,對無線可充電傳感器網絡的能量管理問題進行深入研究。 首先,開發了一種無線可充電的傳感器節點,搭建了無線可充電傳感器網絡平臺。無線可充電傳感器節點能夠收集射頻能量發射器傳輸的射頻能量,并將其轉換為直流能量給自身供電。主要包括能量轉換模塊,微處理器模塊,傳感器模塊以及通信模塊。MIWITM P2P的協議標準實現了無線可充電傳感器網絡的數據通信,并完成了整個網絡平臺的搭建。 分析了無線可充電傳感器網絡各種不同工作狀態的能耗。在無線可充電傳感器網絡的平臺上,通過實驗的方法進行能耗分析,得到了射頻能量發射器與無線可充電傳感器節點之間的能量傳輸模型,無線可充電傳感器節點的漏電模型,以及不同環境下無線可充電傳感器節點的采樣、計算、通信和初始化的能耗模型。 最后設計了面向隨機事件捕捉的能量管理的算法。在考慮節點捕捉概率的情況下,設計了單節點的調度方案。在此基礎上考慮雙節點與多節點的啟發式調度方案與同步調度方案,以及各個方案的捕捉概率及其上限。得到啟發式調度方案要優于同步調度方案的結論,并用仿真證明了上述結論。
[Abstract]:Energy is an important problem that restricts the life cycle of wireless sensor networks. Traditional low-power wireless sensor networks generally use batteries for power supply. The periodic replacement of the battery will greatly increase the cost of network maintenance, and the limited energy of the battery also restricts the sustainable operation of the whole wireless sensor network. In order to make WSN work sustainable, this paper starts from two aspects: energy collection and energy management. In this paper, we design a wireless rechargeable sensor network which can actively collect RF energy, in which the wireless rechargeable sensor node can convert the collected RF energy into DC energy to power itself. Based on the investigation of energy management technology, the energy management of wireless rechargeable sensor networks is studied in this paper based on random event capture. Firstly, a wireless rechargeable sensor node is developed and a wireless rechargeable sensor network platform is built. The wireless rechargeable sensor node can collect the RF energy transmitted by the RF energy transmitter and convert it into DC energy to power itself. It mainly includes energy conversion module, microprocessor module, sensor module and communication module. MIWITM P2P protocol standard realizes the data communication of wireless rechargeable sensor network, and completes the construction of the whole network platform. The energy consumption of wireless rechargeable sensor networks in different working states is analyzed. On the platform of wireless rechargeable sensor network, the energy transmission model between radio-frequency energy transmitter and wireless rechargeable sensor node and the leakage model of wireless rechargeable sensor node are obtained by analyzing the energy consumption of the wireless rechargeable sensor network. And the energy consumption model of sampling, computing, communication and initialization of wireless rechargeable sensor nodes in different environments. Finally, an energy management algorithm for random event capture is designed. Considering the probability of node capture, a single node scheduling scheme is designed. On this basis, the heuristic scheduling scheme and synchronous scheduling scheme of two-node and multi-node are considered, as well as the capture probability and upper limit of each scheme. The conclusion that the heuristic scheduling scheme is superior to the synchronous scheduling scheme is obtained, and the above conclusions are proved by simulation.
【學位授予單位】：浙江大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM619;TP212.9

【引證文獻】

相關博士學位論文 前3條

1 舒元超;無線可充電傳感器網絡系統分析與優化[D];浙江大學;2015年

2 傅凌q;可充電傳感器網絡能量優化研究[D];浙江大學;2015年

3 張永敏;可充電傳感器網絡的資源管理與優化研究[D];浙江大學;2015年

相關碩士學位論文 前2條

1 王天馳;基于CPCI總線標準的數據采集系統設計與實現[D];浙江大學;2016年

2 李星宇;便攜式小功率移動終端無線充電模塊研究[D];杭州電子科技大學;2015年

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本文編號：2144813