【摘要】：隨著電網規模的不斷擴大和結構的日益復雜,由過負荷所導致的大停電事故的發生嚴重威脅著系統的安全穩定運行和供電的可靠性。當線路出現過負荷時,應準確識別過負荷,將其與線路故障區分,避免有關保護誤動對系統造成進一步的沖擊,防止連鎖跳閘導致大停電事故發生。在識別線路過負荷并確保保護不誤動后,為了從根源上避免大停電事故的發生,需要選擇合適的切機、切負荷控制節點及相應的控制量,對過負荷線路進行緊急控制減載,保證系統的安全穩定運行。針對上述問題,本文主要進行了以下幾個方面的研究工作： 提出一種基于復合相量平面的自適應過負荷識別方法。先根據不同運行工況下量測相量的幾何分布特性,建立虛擬電壓降落方程,并求解自適應整定系數,構造距離保護III段自適應過負荷識別判據,然后,將該判據與傳統距離保護III段的動作特性相結合,以識別過負荷與對稱故障。該方法采用本地信息處理,不依賴于通信,決策快速,易于實現,且克服了過負荷識別簡單閉鎖后出現保護死區的問題,在過負荷情況下,保護仍能正確動作。IEEE10機39節點系統仿真結果驗證了該方法的正確性和有效性。 提出一種基于虛擬電壓方程的自適應距離保護。該方法同樣先根據量測相量的幾何分布特性,建立虛擬電壓降落方程,求解自適應整定系數,構造自適應距離保護判據,在此基礎上,針對過渡電阻對距離保護的干擾問題,借助負序和零序分量的測量,確定過渡電阻電壓偏移角,求取過渡電阻補償系數,從而顯著提高了該自適應距離保護的抗過渡電阻干擾能力。通過PSCAD500kV兩機系統驗證了該方法的有效性和高抗過渡電阻能力。 提出一種基于源荷協同系數的線路過負荷緊急控制策略。該策略在線路出現過負荷后,根據系統實時運行方式更新源荷支路協同系數及源荷分配協同系數,并由源荷支路協同系數確定切機、切負荷控制節點集合。根據線路過負荷情況和控制節點集合,以系統經濟損失最小為目標,利用雙適應度粒子群算法優化搜尋控制策略減載。在此基礎上,為了保證供電的可靠性,在不造成新的線路重新過載的條件下,依據源荷分配協同系數選擇一部分未參與切機控制的發電機增加出力,帶動部分所切負荷,恢復供電,提高整體策略的經濟性。IEEE10機39節點系統仿真驗證了該策略可以在保證系統安全穩定運行的前提下,有效降低過載線路的負載,并且具有很高的經濟性。
[Abstract]:With the continuous expansion of power network scale and the increasing complexity of the structure, the blackout caused by overload seriously threatens the safe and stable operation of the system and the reliability of power supply. When the line is overloaded, the overload should be accurately identified and distinguished from the line fault so as to avoid the further impact on the system caused by the maloperation of the protection, and to prevent the chain tripping resulting in a major blackout. After identifying the line overload and ensuring that the protection is not accidentally operated, in order to avoid the occurrence of the blackout accident from the source, it is necessary to select the appropriate cutting machine, the load cutting control node and the corresponding control quantity, and carry on the emergency control and load reduction to the overload line. Ensure the safe and stable operation of the system. In order to solve the above problems, this paper mainly studies the following aspects: a novel adaptive overload recognition method based on compound phasor plane is proposed. According to the geometric distribution characteristics of the measured phasor under different operating conditions, the virtual voltage drop equation is established, and the adaptive setting coefficient is solved, and the adaptive overload identification criterion for the III section of distance protection is constructed. The criterion is combined with the action characteristics of the III section of the traditional distance protection to identify overload and symmetric faults. This method uses local information processing, does not depend on communication, makes decision fast and easy to realize, and overcomes the problem of protection dead zone after overload identification. The IEEE10 39-bus system simulation results show that the method is correct and effective. An adaptive distance protection based on virtual voltage equation is proposed. Based on the geometric distribution of the measured phasor, the virtual voltage drop equation is established, the adaptive tuning coefficient is solved, and the adaptive distance protection criterion is constructed. On this basis, the interference of the transition resistance to the distance protection is discussed. With the help of the measurement of negative sequence and zero sequence component, the offset angle of transition resistance voltage is determined, and the compensation coefficient of transition resistance is obtained, which improves the ability of the adaptive distance protection to resist the interference of transition resistance. The effectiveness of the method and the ability of high impedance transition resistance are verified by PSCAD500kV two-machine system. This paper presents an emergency control strategy for line overload based on source load synergy coefficient. After the line is overloaded, the cooperative coefficient of source load branch and the cooperative coefficient of source load distribution are updated according to the real-time operation mode of the system, and the cutting machine is determined by the coordination coefficient of source load branch and the set of load control nodes is set. According to the overload of the line and the set of control nodes, aiming at the minimum economic loss of the system, the dual fitness particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the search control strategy for load reduction. On this basis, in order to ensure the reliability of the power supply, under the condition of not causing the new line to overload again, according to the source load distribution synergy coefficient, select a part of the generator not taking part in the cutting machine control to increase the output force, drive part of the cut load. The IEEE10 39-bus system simulation shows that the strategy can effectively reduce the overload load of the over-loaded line under the premise of ensuring the safe and stable operation of the system, and has a high economy.
【學位授予單位】：華北電力大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM732

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 鄧佑滿,黎輝,張伯明,洪軍,雷健生;電力系統有功安全校正策略的反向等量配對調整法[J];電力系統自動化;1999年18期

2 曹國臣,韓蕾,祝濱;大電網分布式自適應繼電保護系統的實現方法[J];電力系統自動化;2000年13期

3 薛禹勝;綜合防御由偶然故障演化為電力災難——北美“8·14”大停電的警示[J];電力系統自動化;2003年18期

4 李響,張國慶,郭志忠;基于輸電斷面N-1靜態安全潮流約束的聯切負荷方案[J];電力系統自動化;2004年22期

5 劉卓輝,張艷霞,沈勇環;自適應接地距離繼電器的研究[J];電力系統自動化;2005年10期

6 趙晉泉,江曉東,李華,張伯明;一種基于連續線性規劃的靜態穩定預防控制方法[J];電力系統自動化;2005年14期

7 索南加樂,許慶強,宋國兵,趙文濤,李瑞生,張克元;自適應接地距離繼電器[J];電力系統自動化;2005年17期

8 段獻忠,楊增力,程逍;繼電保護在線整定和離線整定的定值性能比較[J];電力系統自動化;2005年19期

9 許慶強;索南加樂;柳煥章;許揚;;基于相間故障弧光電壓特征的高壓線路選相元件[J];電力系統自動化;2006年04期

10 張瑋;潘貞存;趙建國;;新的防止大停電事故的后備保護減載控制策略[J];電力系統自動化;2007年08期

，

本文編號：2300604