本文選題：無線電能傳輸技術 + 無線傳感器網絡　； 參考：《中國礦業大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著科學技術的發展,無線傳感器網絡(Wireless Sensor Network,WSN)技術已經取得了較大進步,并且展現出了廣闊的發展前景。但是無線傳感網絡中節點大多數采用紐扣電池供電,而電池能量是有限的,這樣極大地限制了保證整個網絡的工作可靠性。而且大量的使用和更換電池,既提高了成本也污染環境。因此如何合理、高效利用傳感器節點的有限能量,就成為了無線傳感網絡技術研究的關鍵性問題。目前國內外學者針對該問題,大多數采用一些優化算法來均衡網絡各個節點的能耗以提高網絡的生命周期。隨著近幾年無線電能傳輸技術(Wireless Power Transfer,WPT)的快速發展,這為解決無線傳感網絡的節點無線供電及提高網絡的生命周期提供了最佳解決方案。本文針對無線傳感器網絡中的節點的能量有限且利用率低下,研究一種能量可雙向傳輸的綜合無線供電傳感器網絡。建立無線供電網絡模型,分析節點能量傳輸特性以及相關網絡特征,提出基于權重偏好的蟻群算法對能量鏈路進行優化,尋找一條最優鏈路,最終實現網絡生命周期最大化,并總結出無線供電網絡三種基本傳輸模型。然后從無線傳感器網絡的物理層出發,給出電路的具體模型,分析節點的功率控制策略。論文首先對無線傳感網絡的研究現狀,無線電能傳輸技術及傳感器網絡節點無線供電的國內外研究與發展現狀做了詳細的介紹。論文對無線傳感器網絡的工作原理,協議棧及其網絡拓撲結構進行分析;介紹無線電能傳輸技術的基本工作原理,重點分析了其補償結構。最終建立無線供電傳感器網絡模型,詳細比較分析與傳統的無線傳感器網絡的異同點。緊接著,論文對所建立的無線供電傳感器網絡模型進行研究,論文詳細介紹了網絡的節點屬性及網絡運行機制,并建立了無線供電網的鏈路優化數學模型。根據網絡的特征,采用了節點傳輸效率,節點剩余能量,傳輸時延三個效能指標,作為鏈路優化的評判標準,采用基于權重偏好的的蟻群算法對無線電能傳輸鏈路進行優化,最終得出最優鏈路。然后,論文針對目前對傳感器節點的功率控制研究算法一般應用于網絡層或數據鏈路層的問題。論文通過物理層對無線供電傳感器網絡進行功率控制研究。分析了基于無線電能傳輸技術的能量雙向傳輸的拓撲結構,并針對該拓撲結構進行功率控制,最終采用移相PWM控制策略實現節點的功率控制,并得到三種節點無線電能傳輸模式的功率控制公式。最后,論文通過matlab編程對基于權重偏好的蟻群算法進行仿真驗證,驗證了該算法對鏈路優化問題的可行性和有效性;通過搭建實驗平臺,驗證了LCL的電路拓撲結構的雙向傳輸的特性,及驗證了無線供電網的三種傳輸模式功率控制。通過本文對無線電能傳輸技術在無線傳感器網絡節點的無線供電的研究,這為無線傳感器網絡的節點能量有限問題提供了新的解決方案,從而有效地推動無線傳感器網絡技術的發展及無線電能傳輸應用化技術發展,為后續相關研究提供了理論基礎及借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology, the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technology has made great progress and has shown great prospects. However, most of the nodes in wireless sensor networks are powered by button batteries, and the battery energy is limited, which greatly restricts the work of ensuring the whole network. Reliability. And a large number of use and replacement of batteries not only improve the cost but also pollute the environment. Therefore, how to rationally and efficiently utilize the limited energy of sensor nodes is the key problem in the research of wireless sensor networks. At present, some domestic and foreign scholars have adopted some optimization algorithms to balance the various nodes of the network. Energy consumption in order to improve the life cycle of the network. With the rapid development of Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) in recent years, this provides the best solution to solve wireless sensor network node wireless power supply and improve the life cycle of the network. This article is limited to the energy of nodes in the wireless sensor network. An integrated wireless power supply sensor network with bidirectional transmission of energy is studied. A wireless power supply network model is established to analyze the energy transmission characteristics of nodes and the characteristics of related networks. An ant colony algorithm based on weight preference is proposed to optimize the energy link, find an optimal link, and finally achieve the most network life cycle. Three basic transmission models of wireless power supply network are summed up. Then from the physical layer of wireless sensor network, the specific model of the circuit is given and the power control strategy of the node is analyzed. The research status of wireless sensor network, radio transmission technology and wireless power supply of sensor network nodes are first studied. The work principle, the protocol stack and the network topology of the wireless sensor network are analyzed, the basic principle of the radio energy transmission technology is introduced, and the compensation structure is analyzed. Finally, the wireless power supply sensor network model is established, and the detailed comparison analysis and the traditional wireless network are compared. Then, the paper studies the model of wireless power supply sensor network. This paper introduces the node attribute and network operation mechanism of the network, and establishes a mathematical model for the link optimization of the wireless power supply network. Three effectiveness indexes of time delay are used as the criterion of link optimization. The optimal link is obtained by using ant colony algorithm based on weight preference, and the optimal link is obtained. Then, the research algorithm of power control for sensor nodes should be used in network layer or data link layer. The power control of wireless power supply sensor network is studied over the physical layer. The topology structure of the two-way transmission of energy based on radio energy transmission is analyzed. The power control is carried out for the topology structure. Phase shift PWM control strategy is adopted to control the power of the node, and the power of three node radio transmission modes is obtained. In the end, the paper simulates the ant colony algorithm based on weight preference through MATLAB programming, and verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of the algorithm for link optimization problems. By building an experimental platform, it verifies the specificity of the bidirectional transmission of the circuit topology of LCL, and verifies the three transmission modes of the wireless power supply network. Power control. Through the study of radio energy transmission technology in wireless sensor network nodes, this provides a new solution for the limited energy of wireless sensor networks, thus effectively promoting the development of wireless sensor network technology and the development of radio energy transmission application technology, for the follow-up. The related research provides the theoretical basis and reference significance.
【學位授予單位】：中國礦業大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM724;TP212.9;TN929.5

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