本文選題：延邊地區　切入點：黑木耳產業　出處：《延邊大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著經濟增長,人類飲食有了較大改善,對食用菌類產品需求也出現了急劇上升。同時代料栽培食用菌類技術成功研發和普及,使得食用菌類產業出現快速發展,黑木耳產業得到了進一步發展。延邊地區地理環境適合黑木耳生長,其種植歷史悠久,當地群眾通過數十年的擴大再生產,已經形成的黑木耳產業鏈,成為延邊地區重要的特色產業和經濟支柱之一。同時,給當地的經濟持續增長、就業人數增長、新農村建設資金補給、東北邊疆少數民族地區穩定等起到了一定的作用。但是,隨著代料栽培黑木耳技術的普及,產生了幾百億個廢棄菌袋。在市場條件、人為污染因素及菌袋材質的相互作用下,導致大量的塑料垃圾、菌糠殘留、藥物滲透以及山體農田破壞,對水土保護、植被生長、家禽飼養、藥材種植、人類居住等產生嚴重危害。同時以木腐菌為主的生產品種結構,造成對林業資源的大量消耗。①廢棄菌袋造成環境破壞又反作用于當地經濟增長,隨著當地生態環境的持續惡化,目前出現了大量原種植戶選擇其他農業類經營。這一現象導致農村黑木耳產業度急劇下降,部分農村經濟發展呈現初步停滯現象。本文以"公地悲劇"理論,探索廢棄菌袋造成環境破壞的原因,并提出采取加強法律監管,建立廢棄菌袋回收利用處理體系,生態補償機制,提高種植人員整體素質等對策,促進黑木耳產業的持續發展和延邊地區生態環境保護。
[Abstract]:With the economic growth, the human diet has been greatly improved, and the demand for edible fungus products has increased sharply.The successful research and development and popularization of edible fungus technology in the same age materials have led to the rapid development of edible fungus industry and the further development of Auricularia auricula industry.The geographical environment of Yanbian area is suitable for the growth of Auricularia auricularia. The local people have formed an industrial chain of Auricularia auricula through decades of expanded reproduction, which has become one of the important characteristic industries and economic pillars in Yanbian area.At the same time, the sustained growth of local economy, the growth of employment, the supply of new rural construction funds, and the stability of the ethnic minority areas in the northeast frontier have played a certain role.However, with the popularization of substitute cultivation of Auricularia auricula, tens of billions of waste fungus bags were produced.Under market conditions, the interaction of artificial pollution factors and bacterial bag materials leads to a large amount of plastic waste, residue of bacteria chaff, drug penetration and destruction of mountain farmland, soil and water conservation, vegetation growth, poultry breeding, herbal medicine cultivation,Human habitation, etc., causes serious harm.At the same time, the production variety structure, which is dominated by wood rot fungi, caused a great deal of consumption of forestry resources. 1 waste fungus bag caused environmental damage and counterproductive to the local economic growth. With the continuous deterioration of local ecological environment,At present, a large number of original farmers choose other types of agricultural management.This phenomenon led to a sharp decline in the industrial degree of Auricularia auricula in rural areas, and a preliminary stagnation in the development of some rural economies.Based on the theory of "tragedy of Commons", this paper explores the causes of environmental damage caused by waste bacterial bags, and puts forward some countermeasures, such as strengthening legal supervision, establishing recycling and treatment system of waste bacterial bags, ecological compensation mechanism, and improving the overall quality of growers.To promote the sustainable development of Auricularia auricula industry and the protection of ecological environment in Yanbian area.
【學位授予單位】：延邊大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X712;F326.13

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