本文選題：環境質量　切入點：能源　出處：《江蘇大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：環境、能源、經濟增長是21世紀中國發展面臨的三個重大問題,也是全人類發展面臨的共同問題。上世紀90年代以來,國民經濟發展迅速,人民的生活發生了翻天覆地的變化,但是隨著國內生產總值不斷增加與重工業迅速發展,導致生態環境遭受嚴重污染,不可再生能源存量也日益劇減,環境、能源與經濟可持續健康增長問題亟待解決。在中國經濟發展的大環境下,保護環境的同時維持我國經濟健康可持續發展,科學有效的協調環境、能源與經濟增長的政策尤為重要。本文首先將環境質量、污染強度、能源三種因素引入經濟增長模型,通過分析經濟增長模型的最優增長路徑,探討環境質量、污染強度、能源對經濟長期均衡增長的影響作用。然后建立基于常數替代彈性生產函數(CES)的能源—環境—經濟(簡稱3E)經濟增長模型,首先討論經濟效益最大化時化石能源與可再生能源的關系,并給出具體分析步驟,然后討論在社會福利最大化時影響經濟增長的因素,探索實現經濟持續增長的有效措施。得到如下結論:一、現實社會環境中,經濟增長率受多種因素的制約,其中環境自身凈化能力越高,經濟增長越快,能源生產量越多;資源再生率與經濟增長率同方向變化,經濟增長率隨著資源再生率的增加而增加;污染強度除了與污染程度指數有關,還與貼現率和環境自身凈化能力的差值有關,當貼現率與環境自身凈化能力差值不同時,污染強度也有所不同。二、在經濟效益最大時,化石能源投入量與可再生能源投入量的比率由分配系數、化石能源-可再生能源的替代彈性系數決定;在社會福利最大化時,環境質量和經濟持續增長同方向變化,也就是說如果環境質量提高,經濟增長率有可能隨之增加,即理論上經濟增長和環境質量是可以兼顧的。本文的創新之處在于將能源環境質量以及污染強度納入經濟增長模型,進行推理分析,討論環境自身的凈化能力、資源再生率、技術取代水平等參數對經濟增長率的影響作用。以及建立基于常數替代彈性生產函數的能源-環境-經濟(3E)經濟增長模型,分別討論了實現經濟效益最大化時化石能源投入量與可再生能源投入量的比例,以及社會福利最大化時環境質量與經濟增長能否同方向增長。最后結合相關的結論,給出一系列的政策建議。
[Abstract]:Environment, energy and economic growth are three major problems facing China's development in the 21st century, and they are also common problems facing the development of all mankind.Since the 1990s, the national economy has developed rapidly and the people's lives have undergone earth-shaking changes. However, with the constant increase of GDP and the rapid development of heavy industry, the ecological environment has suffered serious pollution.The stock of non-renewable energy is also decreasing rapidly. The sustainable and healthy growth of environment, energy and economy needs to be solved urgently.Under the environment of China's economic development, it is particularly important to protect the environment while maintaining the healthy and sustainable development of our economy, to coordinate the environment scientifically and effectively, and the policy of energy and economic growth.In this paper, three factors, environmental quality, pollution intensity and energy, are introduced into the economic growth model. By analyzing the optimal growth path of the economic growth model, the effects of environmental quality, pollution intensity and energy on the long-term balanced economic growth are discussed.Then a model of energy-environment-economy (3E-) economic growth based on constant substitution elastic production function (CES) is established. Firstly, the relationship between fossil energy and renewable energy when economic benefits are maximized is discussed, and the concrete analysis steps are given.Then it discusses the factors that influence the economic growth when the social welfare is maximized, and explores the effective measures to realize the sustained economic growth.The conclusions are as follows: first, in the real social environment, the economic growth rate is restricted by many factors, in which the higher the purification capacity of the environment itself, the faster the economic growth, the more energy production, the more the resource regeneration rate changes in the same direction as the economic growth rate.The economic growth rate increases with the increase of resource regeneration rate, and the pollution intensity is related to not only the pollution degree index, but also the difference between the discount rate and the environmental self-purification ability, when the difference between the discount rate and the environmental self-purification ability is not the same.Pollution intensity is also different.Second, the ratio of fossil energy input to renewable energy input is determined by the distribution coefficient, the substitution elasticity coefficient of fossil energy and renewable energy when the economic benefits are maximum, and when the social welfare is maximized, the ratio of fossil energy input to renewable energy input is determined by the distribution coefficient.Environmental quality and economic growth change in the same direction, that is, if the environmental quality is improved, the economic growth rate is likely to increase, that is, in theory, economic growth and environmental quality can be taken into account.The innovation of this paper lies in bringing the quality of energy and environment and pollution intensity into the economic growth model, carrying on the reasoning analysis, discussing the influence of the environment's own purification ability, resource regeneration rate and technological substitution level on the economic growth rate.Based on the constant substitution elastic production function, the economic growth model of energy, environment and economy is established, and the ratio of fossil energy input to renewable energy input in maximizing economic benefits is discussed respectively.And social welfare maximization of environmental quality and economic growth in the same direction growth.Finally, a series of policy recommendations are given in combination with the relevant conclusions.
【學位授予單位】：江蘇大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X22

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