本文選題：新型城鎮(zhèn)化 + 政府監(jiān)管　； 參考：《西南交通大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：過去幾十年里,我國的城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程十分迅速,1978-2013年,城鎮(zhèn)化率從19.72%增長到53.73%,平均每年增長1%左右,城市數(shù)量從193個(gè)增加到658個(gè),建制鎮(zhèn)數(shù)量從2173個(gè)增加到20113個(gè)。根據(jù)著名城市經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家諾瑟姆的“S”型城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展模型,我國目前正處于城鎮(zhèn)化加速深入發(fā)展時(shí)期,又加之同時(shí)處于經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型升級、加快推進(jìn)社會主義現(xiàn)代化時(shí)期,城鎮(zhèn)化對于我國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展具有重大意義,因此必須牢牢把握住城鎮(zhèn)化中所包含的巨大機(jī)遇。過去的傳統(tǒng)城鎮(zhèn)化模式雖然貢獻(xiàn)良多,但同時(shí)也暴露出諸多問題,不適宜我國的長久發(fā)展,未來城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展還將出現(xiàn)新趨勢新特點(diǎn),同時(shí)也將面臨風(fēng)險(xiǎn)挑戰(zhàn),因此以順應(yīng)城鎮(zhèn)化的發(fā)展潮流,規(guī)避城鎮(zhèn)化有可能面臨的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),革除傳統(tǒng)城鎮(zhèn)化中弊病,新型城鎮(zhèn)化應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。城市土地作為城鎮(zhèn)化推進(jìn)的載體,城市土地的利用狀況在城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程中扮演著重要角色。但在傳統(tǒng)城鎮(zhèn)化過程中,我國城市土地利用問題日漸暴露：土地城鎮(zhèn)化速度快于人口城鎮(zhèn)化速度,城市土地?zé)o序擴(kuò)張；城市土地利用效率低下,利用結(jié)構(gòu)不合理；舊城區(qū)土地利用格局混亂,土地價(jià)值未得到充分體現(xiàn)等。而新型城鎮(zhèn)化對城市土地利用的要求是人地掛鉤的建設(shè)用地供應(yīng)模式、集約-高效的用地模式、注重生態(tài)的護(hù)地模式。傳統(tǒng)城鎮(zhèn)化中的城市土地利用顯然與之相悖,很大部分歸因于政府的監(jiān)管職能錯(cuò)位及監(jiān)管體系缺陷,因此要使城市土地的利用符合新型城鎮(zhèn)化的發(fā)展要求,就需要調(diào)整政府的監(jiān)管體系,糾正職能錯(cuò)位,彌補(bǔ)體系缺陷。要達(dá)到上述目標(biāo),本課題首先分析了新型城鎮(zhèn)化背景下城市土地利用中政府應(yīng)承擔(dān)引導(dǎo)與監(jiān)控、提供公共物品與服務(wù)、提供保障三個(gè)職能,其次再對政府正確發(fā)揮監(jiān)管職能所面臨的制約因素進(jìn)行歸納,如財(cái)政問題、土地督察制度問題、規(guī)劃問題及建設(shè)用地審批問題；在此基礎(chǔ)之上結(jié)合國家新型城鎮(zhèn)化規(guī)劃提出了目前政府監(jiān)管調(diào)整的原則及其導(dǎo)向,最后對政府應(yīng)作出的調(diào)整措施進(jìn)行了具體闡述,主要集中在完善城市土地產(chǎn)權(quán)制度、規(guī)范地方政府行為、彌補(bǔ)規(guī)劃體系缺陷,解決土地督察制度問題、完善建設(shè)用地審批程序、增強(qiáng)信息公開和公眾監(jiān)督幾個(gè)方面,同時(shí)還需配以相關(guān)法律法規(guī)、相關(guān)評估標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的建立以及政府官員政績考核指標(biāo)的改善等配套措施才能予以完善,使新型城鎮(zhèn)化背景下政府充分且有效地監(jiān)管城市土地利用,使之符合新型城鎮(zhèn)化標(biāo)準(zhǔn),助推新型城鎮(zhèn)化的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:In the past few decades, the urbanization process of our country was very rapid. From 1978 to 2013, the urbanization rate increased from 19.72% to 53.73%, the average annual increase was about 1%, the number of cities increased from 193 to 658, and the number of built towns increased from 2173 to 1,113. According to Northam's "S" model of urbanization development, our country is now in the period of accelerating and deepening urbanization, and at the same time in the period of economic transformation and upgrading, speeding up the promotion of socialist modernization. Urbanization is of great significance to the economic development of our country, so we must firmly grasp the enormous opportunities contained in urbanization. Although the traditional urbanization model in the past has contributed a lot, it has also exposed many problems, which are not suitable for the long-term development of our country. In the future, new trends and new characteristics will emerge in the development of urbanization, and at the same time, it will also face risks and challenges. Therefore, in order to comply with the development trend of urbanization, avoid the possible risks of urbanization, eliminate the disadvantages of traditional urbanization, new urbanization emerged as the times require. As the carrier of urbanization, urban land use plays an important role in the process of urbanization. However, in the process of traditional urbanization, the problems of urban land use in China are exposed day by day: the speed of land urbanization is faster than that of population urbanization, the urban land is expanding disorderly, the efficiency of urban land use is low, and the utilization structure is unreasonable. The old urban land use pattern is chaotic, the land value has not been fully reflected and so on. The demands of new urbanization on urban land use are the construction land supply mode, the intensive and efficient land use model, and the ecological land conservation model. The urban land use in the traditional urbanization is obviously contrary to it. A great deal of it is attributed to the dislocation of the supervision function of the government and the defects of the supervision system. Therefore, it is necessary to make the use of urban land conform to the development requirements of the new type of urbanization. It is necessary to adjust the government's regulatory system, correct the dislocation of functions, and make up for the defects of the system. In order to achieve the above objectives, this paper first analyzes the three functions of guiding and monitoring, providing public goods and services, and providing security in urban land use under the background of new urbanization. Secondly, the paper sums up the restrictive factors that the government faces in bringing the supervisory function into full play, such as financial problems, land supervision system, planning problems and construction land examination and approval. On this basis, combined with the national new urbanization planning, the paper puts forward the principles and guidance of the current government supervision and adjustment, and finally expounds the adjustment measures that the government should make, mainly focusing on the improvement of the urban land property right system. Standardizing the behavior of local governments, making up for the shortcomings of the planning system, solving the problems of the land supervision system, perfecting the examination and approval procedures for construction land, enhancing the publicity of information and public supervision, and at the same time, it also needs to be accompanied by relevant laws and regulations. The establishment of relevant evaluation standards and the improvement of the performance assessment indicators of government officials can be perfected, so that the government can fully and effectively supervise urban land use under the new urbanization background, and make it conform to the new urbanization standards. Promote the development of new urbanization.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F301.2;D630

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