【摘要】：我國在1999年正式進(jìn)入老齡社會,并進(jìn)入加速老齡化時(shí)期。到2014年,我國60歲以上老年人口達(dá)到2億,2025年將突破3億。社會養(yǎng)老問題成為老百姓最關(guān)注同時(shí)也是亟需政府解決的重大民生問題。一直以來,我國對于城鄉(xiāng)實(shí)施的是有差別的社會養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度,導(dǎo)致了社會不公的進(jìn)一步拉大。2014年2月21日,國務(wù)院下發(fā)《關(guān)于建立統(tǒng)一的城鄉(xiāng)居民基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度的意見》,開始在全國實(shí)施統(tǒng)一的城鄉(xiāng)居民基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度。實(shí)施城鄉(xiāng)統(tǒng)一的社會養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度是我國社會養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度發(fā)展史上的一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn),具有里程碑式的特殊意義,有利于加快社會保障城鄉(xiāng)統(tǒng)籌步伐,逐步縮小城鄉(xiāng)差距,實(shí)現(xiàn)基本公共服務(wù)均等化,對于拉動消費(fèi)、鼓勵創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)、促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展具有重要作用。同時(shí),也有利于提高廣大老百姓對社會的認(rèn)同感和安全感,有利于實(shí)現(xiàn)社會的和諧穩(wěn)定。我國社會養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度長期依靠政策和大量的文件推進(jìn),容易受政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)等情況變化的影響。盡管2011年7月1日起開始施行的《社會保險(xiǎn)法》首次確立了社會保險(xiǎn)的基本制度框架,以法律形式確立我國覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)全體居民的社保體系,填補(bǔ)了我國在社會保障方面的立法空白,但由于《社會保險(xiǎn)法》是一部社會保險(xiǎn)綜合法,對于規(guī)范基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)而言顯得過于空泛。社會養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)立法工作的滯后已經(jīng)影響到我國社會養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)事業(yè)的健康快速發(fā)展。城鄉(xiāng)居民基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)是我國社會保障事業(yè)不可或缺的部分,對城鄉(xiāng)居民基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)立法有關(guān)問題進(jìn)行深入的探討和研究,并結(jié)合我國國情,提出立法建議,對于解決城鄉(xiāng)居民基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度可能面臨的一系列難題,探索出一條符合中國實(shí)際、可持續(xù)發(fā)展的城鄉(xiāng)居民基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)之路具有重大的理論意義和實(shí)踐意義。也有助于增強(qiáng)理論界對該問題的關(guān)注,完善現(xiàn)有的社會養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)法律制度理論體系,為我國社會養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)事業(yè)乃至整個(gè)社會保障事業(yè)的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展提供理論參考。本文綜合運(yùn)用理論與實(shí)踐相結(jié)合方法、歷史研究方法以及比較分析法等研究方法,對我國城鄉(xiāng)居民基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)立法問題進(jìn)行了比較全面系統(tǒng)的研究。以歷史研究的方法,大致梳理了我國城鄉(xiāng)居民社會養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度的發(fā)展過程。通過理論分析、實(shí)證分析和比較分析的方法,研究我國城鄉(xiāng)居民社會養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)在實(shí)踐中取得的成績和存在的不足,對我國現(xiàn)階段城鄉(xiāng)居民基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)立法的必要性和可行性進(jìn)行了分析。最后得出結(jié)論,我國目前可以選擇由國務(wù)院進(jìn)行行政立法,制定《城鄉(xiāng)居民基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)條例》,從適用范圍和對象、基金籌集、基金的管理和投資運(yùn)營、基金的待遇給付、基金的監(jiān)督、養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)移接續(xù)與制度銜接、法律責(zé)任等七個(gè)方面進(jìn)行規(guī)范的方式,解決城鄉(xiāng)居民社會養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)立法缺位問題。
[Abstract]:China formally entered the aging society in 1999, and entered the accelerated aging period. By 2014, China's elderly population over 60 years old reached 200 million, 2025 will exceed 300 million. The issue of social pension has become the most concerned by ordinary people, and it is also an important livelihood issue urgently needed to be solved by the government. China has been implementing a differentiated social pension insurance system for both urban and rural areas, which has led to a further widening of social injustice. On February 21, 2014, The State Council issued the "opinions on establishing a unified basic old-age insurance system for urban and rural residents" and began to implement a unified basic old-age insurance system for urban and rural residents throughout the country. The implementation of the unified social old-age insurance system in urban and rural areas is a turning point in the history of the development of social endowment insurance system in China. It has a special significance of milestone, which is conducive to speeding up the pace of urban and rural social security planning and gradually narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas. Equalization of basic public services plays an important role in stimulating consumption, encouraging innovation and entrepreneurship, and promoting economic development. At the same time, it also helps to improve the common people's sense of social identity and sense of security, and to achieve social harmony and stability. The social old-age insurance system of our country has been promoted by policies and lots of documents for a long time, which is easily influenced by the changes of politics, economy and so on. Although the Social Insurance Law, which has been in force since July 1, 2011, has for the first time established the basic institutional framework of social insurance, and the social security system covering all urban and rural residents in China has been established by law. It has filled in the blank of legislation on social security in our country, but because the Social Insurance Law is a comprehensive law of social insurance, it is too general to standardize the basic old-age insurance. The lag of social endowment insurance legislation has affected the healthy and rapid development of social endowment insurance in China. The basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents is an indispensable part of social security in China. This paper makes a thorough discussion and study on the legislative issues related to the basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents, and puts forward legislative suggestions in the light of the national conditions of our country. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to solve a series of difficult problems that the basic old-age insurance system of urban and rural residents may face, and to explore a road of basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents that conforms to China's reality and sustainable development. It also helps to strengthen the theoretical concern of the problem, improve the existing legal system of social endowment insurance, and provide a theoretical reference for the further development of social endowment insurance and even the whole social security in China. This paper makes a comprehensive and systematic study on the legislation of basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents in China with the methods of combining theory and practice, historical research and comparative analysis. With the method of historical research, this paper roughly combs the development process of social endowment insurance system of urban and rural residents in China. By means of theoretical analysis, empirical analysis and comparative analysis, this paper studies the achievements and shortcomings of social endowment insurance for urban and rural residents in China. This paper analyzes the necessity and feasibility of basic endowment insurance legislation for urban and rural residents in China. Finally, it is concluded that at present, China can choose the State Council to carry out administrative legislation, formulate the regulations on basic Endowment Insurance for Urban and Rural residents, from the scope and objects of application, fund raising, fund management and investment operation, fund treatment and payment. The supervision of the fund, the connection of the pension insurance relationship with the system, the legal responsibility and so on seven aspects of normative ways to solve the urban and rural residents of social pension insurance legislation vacancy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D922.182.3

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

1 岳宗福;;城鄉(xiāng)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)一體化的制度設(shè)計(jì)與路徑選擇[J];山東工商學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2009年03期

2 庹國柱,朱俊生;國外農(nóng)民社會養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度的發(fā)展及其啟示[J];人口與經(jīng)濟(jì);2004年04期

，

本文編號：2300925