【摘要】：為研究自然降雨條件下紅壤坡地磷素徑流輸出特征,采用野外大型土壤水分滲漏裝置對(duì)活地被物覆蓋、死地被物敷蓋和裸露對(duì)照這3種處理的地表徑流、壤中流和地下徑流的磷素輸出開(kāi)展了為期一年的試驗(yàn)觀測(cè).結(jié)果表明:(1)3種處理下徑流總磷和可溶性磷濃度變化趨勢(shì)總體表現(xiàn)為地表徑流略高于壤中流,并隨著土層深度的增加有降低趨勢(shì);總磷累積輸出量大小排序?yàn)槁懵?1.61 kg·hm~(-2))敷蓋(1.33 kg·hm~(-2))覆蓋(0.82 kg·hm~(-2));(2)裸露對(duì)照坡地磷素輸出以地表徑流為主要途徑,占總磷徑流輸出總量的57%,壤中流和地下徑流輸出量分別占6%和37%;有覆蓋和敷蓋措施的坡地磷素輸出以地下徑流為主,占總磷徑流輸出總量的71%以上,而地表徑流輸出量則不足14%;(3)各處理中地表徑流、壤中流和地下徑流磷素輸出均以顆粒態(tài)為主,占磷輸出總量的64%~97%.地下徑流是紅壤坡地磷素流失不可忽視的重要通道,覆蓋和敷蓋措施可控制磷素徑流流失總量,但未能顯著降低磷素徑流流失濃度.
[Abstract]:In order to study the characteristics of phosphorus runoff output in red soil sloping land under natural rainfall, the surface runoff of three treatments, I. e., live land cover, dead land cover and naked control, was covered by large soil water leakage device in the field. Phosphorus output from soil and underground runoff has been observed for a year. The results showed that: (1) the change trend of total phosphorus and soluble phosphorus concentration in runoff under three treatments was that surface runoff was slightly higher than that in soil and decreased with the increase of soil depth; The order of total phosphorus cumulative output is bare (1. 61 kg hm~ (-2) cover (1. 33 kg hm~ (-2) covering (0. 82 kg hm~ (-2);). (2) the surface runoff was the main way of phosphorus output in bare control slope land, accounting for 57% of total phosphorus runoff output, and 6% and 37% of total phosphorus runoff output in soil and underground runoff, respectively; The phosphorus output of slope land with mulching and covering measures is mainly underground runoff, accounting for more than 71% of total phosphorus runoff output, but the surface runoff output is less than 14%. (3) Phosphate output from surface runoff, soil flow and underground runoff was mainly granular, accounting for 640.97% of total phosphorus output. The underground runoff is an important channel for phosphorus loss in red soil sloping land. The total amount of phosphorus runoff loss can be controlled by mulching and covering measures, but the concentration of phosphorus runoff loss can not be significantly reduced.
【作者單位】： 江西省水土保持科學(xué)研究院;江西省土壤侵蝕與防治重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(41401311,41601297)
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X144;X52

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