【摘要】：改革開放以來,我國處于全面社會轉型時期,政治、經濟、文化都不同程度的發生了前所未有的變化。我國是具有中國特色的社會主義國家,它既不同于馬、恩所設想的社會主義模式,也不同于斯大林時期的社會主義模式,因此中國社會轉型是獨具特色的雙重社會轉型。社會主義市場經濟體制的建立和完善很大程度上改變了我國原來的產業結構、分配結構,使得原來的“兩個階級一個階層”不復存在,社會結構出現了巨大的變化,出現了新的階層。私營企業主階層就是伴隨著社會、經濟、文化的全面轉型而成長起來的新階層中的一部分。私營企業主階層是推進我國社會全面發展的一支不可忽視的力量,他們不僅是中國特色社會主義的建設者,同時也是我國和諧社會、政治文明建設不可或缺的組成部分。 私營企業主階層政治參與是公民政治參與的重要組成部分,也是我國建設和諧社會、政治文明的應有之意。但是由于現有政治體制建設還不夠完備,相關的參與渠道供不應求以及這一階層所特有的階層特點等因素的限制,私營企業主在政治參與中表現出種種的局限性。從實踐來看,關于私營企業主階層政治參與這一問題,有些學者不負責任的言論以及有些媒體不加甄別的報道,在某種程度上誤導了觀眾,混淆了人們的視野,造成社會價值觀的混亂和社會階層之間的不和諧。本文就如何引導這一階層有序政治參與,為我國和諧小康社會建成及為中國夢的實現添磚加瓦,闡釋了自己的看法。 本文分導論、正文、結語三個部分,正文由三章內容組成。 第一章是對研究問題的相關概念進行界定和解讀,對政治參與及有序政治參與就本文研究背景下作了相關理論分析,對私營企業及私營企業主階層這一核心概念作了重新界定,并對這一階層產生的背景及發展過程作了分析。 第二章是本文的核心部分,是對當前社會轉型期私營企業主階層政治參與的現狀分析。具體分為四個部分,第一是對私營企業主階層政治參與的條件分析和動機透視；第二是對私營企業主階層政治參與的特點和方式的分析,尤其是對體制外政治參與方式的分析,從其產生原因及其表現形式進行了詳細的分析；第三是對私營企業主政治參與歷程及其發展趨勢的分析,其參與歷程大致經歷了體制外的徘徊、無序有限參與向有序參與發展和有序擴大這三大階段；第四是對私營企業主階層政治參與中出現的困境及其原因的分析。 第三章是對私營企業主階層政治參與的路徑選擇分析,從宏觀和微觀兩方面入手,選擇從制度建設、文化建設、組織建設和自身建設幾個角度出發,就如何規范私營企業主階層政治參與提出有針對性的對策和建議。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China is in a period of comprehensive social transformation, politics, economy and culture have changed in different degrees. China is a socialist country with Chinese characteristics, which is not only different from the socialist model envisioned by Ma and en, but also different from the socialist model of Stalin's period. Therefore, the social transformation of China is a dual social transformation with unique characteristics. The establishment and perfection of the socialist market economic system have to a great extent changed the original industrial structure and distribution structure of our country, resulting in the disappearance of the original "two classes and one stratum" and the great changes in the social structure. A new class has emerged. The private enterprise owner class is a part of the new social, economic and cultural transformation. The private enterprise owner stratum is a force that can not be ignored in promoting the all-round development of our society. They are not only the builders of socialism with Chinese characteristics, but also the indispensable part of the harmonious society and the construction of political civilization in our country. The political participation of private enterprise owners is an important part of citizens' political participation, and is also the necessary meaning of building a harmonious society and political civilization in our country. However, due to the existing political system construction is not complete, the supply of relevant participation channels exceeds the demand, and the special stratum characteristics of this class, private enterprise owners show various limitations in the political participation. In practice, on the issue of political participation of private entrepreneurs, some scholars' irresponsible remarks and some media reports without discrimination have misled the audience to a certain extent and confused people's views. The confusion of social values and disharmony between social strata. This paper explains how to guide the orderly political participation of this class, build a harmonious well-off society in our country and contribute to the realization of Chinese Dream. This paper consists of three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. The text is composed of three chapters. The first chapter defines and interprets the related concepts of the research issues, makes a theoretical analysis of the political participation and orderly political participation under the background of this study, and redefines the core concepts of private enterprises and private enterprise owners. The background and development process of this stratum are analyzed. The second chapter is the core part of this paper, which analyzes the current situation of the political participation of private enterprise owners in the current social transition period. It is divided into four parts: the first is the analysis of the conditions and motives of the political participation of the private enterprise owners, the second is the analysis of the characteristics and methods of the political participation of the private enterprise owners, especially the analysis of the mode of political participation outside the system. The third is the analysis of the process of political participation of private enterprise owners and its development trend, and the process of participation has generally experienced the wandering outside the system. There are three stages of disordered limited participation in the development and expansion of orderly participation. The fourth is the analysis of the predicament and its causes in the political participation of private enterprise owners. The third chapter is to analyze the path choice of the political participation of private enterprise owners, from the macro and micro aspects, choose from the system construction, cultural construction, organizational construction and self-construction several angles. This paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions on how to standardize the political participation of private enterprise owners.
【學位授予單位】：陜西師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D663;D621.5

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