【摘要】：隨著輕質和高強建筑材料的運用、結構分析和設計技術的進步、建筑使用功能的需要以及施工技術的發展，許多大跨度結構在大型公共建筑中廣泛應用。大跨結構如大跨人行天橋，具有跨度大、質量輕、阻尼低等特點，盡管在結構設計中能夠保證此類結構的承載力和變形滿足規范的要求。但在大量的人員通行時，大跨輕質結構會產生顯著的動力響應，這種振動達到一定程度時，常常會使居住者或使用者感覺不舒服甚至恐慌，極大地降低了結構的適用性。所以，基于人體舒適度的大跨度結構在人行荷載作用下的減振控制尤為必要。 本論文以某室內人行橋為工程背景，較系統的研究了大跨結構人致振動舒適度問題和減振控制。主要分析了箱型截面人行橋在人行荷載作用下的動力響應，評價了該人行橋在人行荷載作用下的舒適度問題，同時布置調頻質量阻尼器系統（TMD），以減小它們的豎向振動響應，保證結構的使用安全和人員的舒適感，主要研究內容如下： 1、闡述了常見人行荷載的特點和模型，綜合分析了國內外樓板結構振動的研究概況以及樓板振動規范，結合本工程的實際情況，，總結出了大跨結構在人行荷載激勵下的振動舒適度評價方法和分析方法； 2、介紹了豎向減振裝置TMD的理論和參數設計方法，利用等效線性化方法將有阻尼的單自由度體系等效為無阻尼的單自由度體系，在此基礎上利用無阻尼主結構TMD參數優化的結果推導了有阻尼主結構TMD最優參數； 3、針對既有室內人行橋結構特點，確定該人行橋的邊界條件，單獨建立該結構的有限元模型，并進行動力特性分析。根據自振頻率和振型初步判斷豎向振動最不利的區域，并考慮在不同人行荷載工況下計算人行荷載作用下的動力響應，最后根據規范評價了結構豎向振動的舒適度性； 4、根據豎向TMD理論，在豎向振動最不利區域布置了調頻質量阻尼器系統，并計算了TMD的減振效果，減振后的加速度響應滿足現有規范的要求。 最后，總結了全文所做的工作，得出相應的結論并提出下一步要做的工作。
[Abstract]:With the application of lightweight and high-strength building materials, the progress of structural analysis and design technology, the need of building function and the development of construction technology, many long-span structures are widely used in large public buildings. Large span structures, such as long span footbridges, are characterized by large span, light weight and low damping, although in structural design, the bearing capacity and deformation of such structures can meet the requirements of the code. However, when a large number of people pass through, the long-span lightweight structure will produce a significant dynamic response. When the vibration reaches a certain level, it often makes the occupant or the user feel uncomfortable or even panic, which greatly reduces the applicability of the structure. Therefore, it is necessary to control the vibration of long-span structure based on human comfort under the action of pedestrian load. In this paper, based on the engineering background of an indoor footbridge, the problem of human induced vibration comfort and vibration control of long span structures are studied systematically. This paper mainly analyzes the dynamic response of the box section footbridge under the action of pedestrian load, evaluates the comfort degree of the footbridge under the action of pedestrian load, and arranges the FM mass damper system (TMD), at the same time. In order to reduce their vertical vibration response and ensure the safety of the structure and the comfort of the personnel, the main research contents are as follows: 1. The characteristics and models of common pedestrian loads are described. The general situation of the research on the vibration of floor structure at home and abroad and the criterion of floor vibration are analyzed synthetically. Combined with the actual situation of this project, the evaluation method and analysis method of vibration comfort of long-span structure under the excitation of pedestrian load are summarized. 2. The theory and parameter design method of vertical vibration absorber TMD are introduced. The damping single degree of freedom system is equivalent to the undamped one degree of freedom system by using the equivalent linearization method. On the basis of this, the optimal parameters of TMD for damped main structure are derived by using the results of TMD parameter optimization of undamped main structure. 3. According to the structural characteristics of the existing indoor footbridge, the boundary conditions of the footbridge are determined, the finite element model of the structure is established separately, and the dynamic characteristics are analyzed. According to the natural vibration frequency and vibration mode, the most unfavorable region of vertical vibration is preliminarily judged, and the dynamic response under different conditions of pedestrian load is considered. Finally, the comfort degree of vertical vibration of structure is evaluated according to the code. 4. According to the vertical TMD theory, the FM mass damper system is arranged in the most unfavorable area of vertical vibration, and the damping effect of TMD is calculated. The acceleration response after damping meets the requirements of the existing specifications. Finally, the paper summarizes the work done in this paper, draws the corresponding conclusions and puts forward the next step.
【學位授予單位】：武漢理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U441.3;U448.11

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