【摘要】：農地資源是農業生產所需要的最基本的要素,為人類的生存和發展提供必需的食物及其他生產資料,是不可替代、不可再生的自然資源。同時,農地資源還具有保護環境、凈化空氣等生態功能,以及保障國家糧食安全、提供就業、保障農民生活等社會功能。農地資源的減少必然使得其附屬的經濟功能、生態功能、社會功能等價值的減少。世界各國在經濟發展進程中,都采取相應措施保護優質農地資源,將農地資源保護當作關乎經濟發展、社會穩定、生態平衡的重要問題。農地資源保護問題,是一個土地資源的高效利用和合理配置的問題,本質是如何使得土地資源能夠可持續利用,提高農地資源經營收益,縮小農業與其他產業收益差距。研究農地資源保護機制的效率,對于發現農地資源保護和利用過程存在的問題具有重要意義。我國處于經濟轉型和城鎮化快速增長的階段,我國農地資源非農化趨勢明顯,農地資源保護面臨巨大的壓力,保護農地資源需要我們必須長期重視并堅持。本文首先研究了國內外學者在農地資源保護機制方面的研究進展情況和我國農地資源保護的現狀,發現我國理論研究的不足和實踐方面存在的保護力度不夠、政策落實不到位,造成了農地資源破壞、土地污染和土地浪費等問題。其次,在分析農地資源保護機制實證研究常用方法,包括柯布-道格拉斯(C-D)生產函數法、條件價值評估法(CVM)、壓力-狀態-響應(PSR)框架和數據包絡分析法(DEA)的基礎上,本文選擇基于可持續發展的壓力-狀態-響應框架思想選擇指標體系,綜合研究對象的特點和各個方法的適用情況,考慮到數據包絡分析法具有弱化主觀影響、簡化數據處理流程等優點,本文選擇數據包絡分析模型作為本文的實證研究模型,具體采用基于產出導向下規模報酬可變的BCC模型方法。本文采取全國25個省份的指標數據作為截面樣本數據和采用1993-2012年全國數據作為時間序列數據,分析不同省份和不同時間的農地資源保護機制的效率,結合Spearman相關性分析,揭示了農地資源保護與市場經濟發展之間存在正相關關系:市場經濟越發達,農地資源保護機制效率越高,市場機制有利于保護農地資源。最后,提出了農地資源保護機制改善的建議:樹立農地資源保護公平與效益統一的綜合目標;建立農地資源保護的市場機制,使市場在土地資源配置中發揮基礎性作用;完善農地資源保護的宏觀調控制度,規范政府征地行為;發展現代農業,適度規模經營;加強農村社會保障建設。
[Abstract]:Agricultural land resources are the most basic elements of agricultural production. It is an irreplaceable and non-renewable natural resource to provide necessary food and other means of production for the survival and development of human beings. At the same time, the farmland resources also have the ecological functions of protecting the environment, purifying the air, ensuring the national food security, providing employment, guaranteeing the peasants' life and other social functions. The decrease of farmland resources will inevitably reduce the value of its subsidiary economic function, ecological function and social function. In the process of economic development, countries all over the world have taken corresponding measures to protect high-quality agricultural land resources. The protection of agricultural land resources is regarded as an important issue related to economic development, social stability and ecological balance. The protection of agricultural land resources is a problem of efficient utilization and rational allocation of land resources. The essence of this problem is how to make the land resources can be used sustainably, how to improve the income of agricultural land resources management, and how to narrow the gap between agriculture and other industries. It is of great significance to study the efficiency of the protection mechanism of agricultural land resources for discovering the problems existing in the process of protection and utilization of agricultural land resources. China is in the stage of rapid economic transformation and urbanization. The trend of non-agricultural land resources in China is obvious. The protection of agricultural land resources is under great pressure. We must pay attention to and insist on the protection of agricultural land resources for a long time. Firstly, this paper studies the research progress of domestic and foreign scholars in the protection mechanism of farmland resources and the present situation of farmland resources protection in China. It is found that the theoretical research and the protection in practice are not enough, and the policy implementation is not in place. Has caused the farmland resources destruction, the land pollution and the land waste and so on question. Secondly, in the analysis of farmland resources protection mechanism of empirical research common methods, including Cobb-Douglas (C-D) production function method, conditional value evaluation method (CVM), On the basis of pressure-state-response (PSR) framework and data envelopment analysis method (DEA), this paper chooses the index system of pressure-state-response framework based on sustainable development. Considering the advantages of data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) in weakening the subjective influence and simplifying the data processing process, this paper chooses the data Envelopment Analysis Model as the empirical research model. The method of BCC model based on output-oriented variable scale reward is adopted. This paper takes the index data of 25 provinces as cross section sample data and the national data from 1993 to 2012 as time series data to analyze the efficiency of farmland resources protection mechanism in different provinces and different times, combined with Spearman correlation analysis. It is revealed that there is a positive correlation between the protection of agricultural land resources and the development of market economy: the more developed the market economy, the higher the efficiency of the protection mechanism of agricultural land resources, and the market mechanism is conducive to the protection of agricultural land resources. Finally, the paper puts forward some suggestions for improving the protection mechanism of agricultural land resources: setting up a comprehensive goal of the unity of equity and benefit in the protection of agricultural land resources, establishing a market mechanism for the protection of agricultural land resources, and making the market play a fundamental role in the allocation of land resources. We will improve the macro-control system for the protection of agricultural land resources, standardize government land expropriation, develop modern agriculture and manage on a moderate scale, and strengthen the construction of social security in rural areas.
【學位授予單位】：鄭州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F301.2

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