包容性視角下產業結構與就業結構相關性研究
發布時間:2018-06-07 02:25
本文選題:包容性增長 + 產業結構 ; 參考:《重慶大學》2014年碩士論文
【摘要】:改革開放以來,我國經濟經過了30年的快速增長,產業結構和就業結構都有一定的改變。但是在就業方面依然存在很多問題,社會上“用工荒”和“用工難”的現象并存,十分嚴重。要實現胡錦濤總書記提出的“包容性增長”就必須將就業問題放在首位,以解決民生問題為發展中的關鍵點。因此,在包容性視角下探討我國產業結構與就業結構的問題,,構建出一個能夠促進“包容性增長”的未來發展模式就顯得尤為重要。 基于這種思路,本文嘗試從產業結構和就業結構的相關性問題的方向進行探索。主要運用了不同的實證方法在實現“包容性增長”的視角下的標準以及對我國產業結構和就業結構的調整是否實現“包容性增長”目標做了量化的說明。本文具體要研究的問題是我國產業結構和就業結構的現狀如何?我國產業結構與就業結構的協調性如何?我國產業結構和就業結構的關聯性如何?最終要解決的問題是如何才能使產業結構的調整順應“包容性增長”的趨勢,對此有怎樣的政策建議? 首先通過對我國產業結構與就業結構的演進和現狀的描述分析來對本文的研究對象有了定量的了解。從中我們看到:我國三次產業的GDP占比結構由原來的“二一三”結構轉變為“二三一”結構,產業結構的演變基本符合配第·克拉克定理的發展趨勢。但是第二產業的GDP占比還明顯偏高,產業結構模式沒有轉化為“三二一”的合理產業結構模式。我國就業結構由傳統的“一二三”模式向“三一二”模式轉變。我國第一產業的剩余勞動力還過多,第二產業的就業吸納不足導致我國的就業結構沒有形成現代化合理的“三二一”結構。 其次,通過偏離度分析和相似系數分析的方法對我國產業結構與就業結構的協調性進行了系統的研究。最終得到的結論是:總體上來說我國產業結構與就業的整體協調程度較低雖然有所改善但是好轉的速度十分緩慢,離實現“包容性增長”的目標還有一定距離。我國產業結構與就業結構的轉型與發達國家之間的差距明顯還需要進行進一步調整。從三次產業上來說,第一產業存在大量剩余勞動力,二三產業就業吸納不足。 再次,通過格蘭杰因果檢驗和灰色關聯方法對我國產業結構與就業結構的關聯性進行了剖析。得到的具體結論是:我國產業結構和就業結構互為格蘭杰因果關系,但是我國產業結構對就業、我國就業結構對就業沒有明顯的格蘭杰果關系。與我國非農就業比例關系最密切的是第二產業其次是第三產業關聯最弱的是第一產業。在細分行業中與非農就業比例的關系按照由強到弱的順序排列依次是批發零售業、建筑業、工業、金融業、交通運輸倉儲郵政業、住宿餐飲業、房地產業。 最后,通過對全文的總結得到了一些政策建議:在第三產業發展中應注重城市化道路,在第二產業的發展中應著重新型工業化道路的實現,在第一產業的發展中應積極促進建立統一的勞動力市場。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening - up , China ' s economy has undergone 30 years of rapid growth , the industrial structure and the employment structure have changed . However , there are still many problems in employment . In order to realize inclusive growth of Hu Jintao ' s general secretary , it is necessary to put the problem of employment in the first place to solve the key points in the development . Therefore , it is especially important to discuss the problems of industrial structure and employment structure in China in an inclusive view , and to construct a future development mode which can promote inclusive growth .
Based on this thinking , this paper attempts to explore the relationship between industrial structure and employment structure . It mainly uses different empirical methods to quantify the industrial structure and employment structure of our country . What is the relationship between the industrial structure and employment structure of our country ? How to adjust the industrial structure and employment structure in our country ? How can the adjustment of industrial structure conform to the trend of " inclusive growth " ?
This paper analyzes the evolution and current situation of the industrial structure and employment structure of our country . We have seen that the GDP of the tertiary industry in our country is changed from the original " two - three " structure to " two - three - one " structure , the evolution of the industrial structure basically accords with the development trend of the rational industrial structure of the first industry . However , the employment structure of our country is changed from the traditional " one - two - three " model to " three - two - one " mode . The employment structure of our country is still too much , and the shortage of employment in the second industry leads to the lack of modern and reasonable " three - two - one " structure in the employment structure of our country .
Secondly , the coordination of industrial structure and employment structure of our country is systematically studied by means of deviation analysis and similarity coefficient analysis .
The relationship between the industrial structure and the employment structure of our country is analyzed . The concrete conclusion is that the industrial structure and the employment structure of our country have no obvious effect on the employment , but the employment structure of our country has no obvious effect on the employment .
Finally , through the summary of the whole text , some policy suggestions are obtained : in the development of tertiary industry , we should pay attention to the road of urbanization . In the development of the second industry , we should focus on the realization of the new industrialization road . In the development of the first industry , we should actively promote the establishment of the unified labor market .
【學位授予單位】:重慶大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2014
【分類號】:F121.3;F249.21
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本文編號:1989291
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