本文選題：詞匯變異 + 《超級訪問》　； 參考：《上海師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：語言與社會之間息息相關(guān),語言隨著社會的發(fā)展變化而變化。作為語言的本質(zhì)特征,語言變異在社會語言學(xué)領(lǐng)域舉足輕重。而詞匯作為語言系統(tǒng)中最活躍的因素,其發(fā)展變異明顯。之前的研究數(shù)據(jù)大多數(shù)來源于電影、電視劇、小說等中。很少有學(xué)者采用電視訪談?lì)惞?jié)目的語言作為研究材料。這類語言不僅自然,而且貼近生活。同時(shí)它還能幫助人們更好的體會生活中的詞匯變異現(xiàn)象。本文采用《超級訪問》中的語言作為語料,以語言變異理論為理論指導(dǎo)。作者認(rèn)為詞匯變異可以從實(shí)詞和虛詞兩方面來考慮。就實(shí)詞而言,文章僅分析名詞、動詞和形容詞的變異。而這三類詞從五個(gè)方面展開分析:新詞、借來詞、方言詞、網(wǎng)絡(luò)語及舊詞新義。就虛詞而言,作者從副詞及連詞的語法功能和用法研究其變異。關(guān)于實(shí)詞,研究結(jié)果表明,首先,從定量研究上來說,名詞的變異較形容詞和動詞來說更明顯。其次,一些詞的詞素構(gòu)詞能力較強(qiáng),可以形成新的詞匯。再次,以相同詞綴結(jié)尾的系列詞擁有相同的詞性及語法意義。最后,越來越多的詞匯可以反映社會現(xiàn)狀,一些詞匯可以反映人們的心理需求。關(guān)于虛詞,大部分副詞和連詞的使用頻率較以前相比增長。而作為封閉詞,其基本數(shù)量比較穩(wěn)定,但這些虛詞在用法及功能上變異明顯。從副詞的角度來看,首先,兩個(gè)意義相近的副詞在功能上會產(chǎn)生變異;其次,擁有相同功能的副詞在使用頻率上會產(chǎn)生變異。從連詞的角度看,首先,相較于從前,大部分人傾向于在日常對話中使用連詞;其次,連詞的功能和用法變得復(fù)雜但卻系統(tǒng)化。詞匯變異的研究不僅使句子結(jié)構(gòu)更加完整,而且也反映了社會和文化的發(fā)展。另外,詞匯變異研究幫助人們更好的表達(dá)自我,從而建立和諧的人際關(guān)系。因此漢語詞匯變異研究具有重要的理論意義和實(shí)踐價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Language is closely related to society. Language changes with the development of society. As the essential feature of language, language variation plays an important role in the field of sociolinguistics. As the most active factor in the language system, lexical development and variation are obvious. Most of the previous research data came from movies, TV dramas, novels and so on. Few scholars use the language of TV interview programs as the research material. This language is not only natural, but also close to life. At the same time, it can also help people to better understand the phenomenon of vocabulary variation in life. In this paper, the language in Super access is used as the corpus, and the theory of language variation is used as the theoretical guide. The author thinks that lexical variation can be considered from two aspects: notional words and function words. As far as notional words are concerned, the article only analyzes the variation of nouns, verbs and adjectives. The three kinds of words are analyzed from five aspects: new words, borrowed words, dialect words, network words and new meanings of old words. As far as function words are concerned, the author studies the grammatical function and usage of adverbs and conjunctions. The results of the study show that, first of all, the variation of nouns is more obvious than that of adjectives and verbs. Secondly, some words have strong morpheme formation ability and can form new words. Thirdly, the series of words ending with the same affix have the same part of speech and grammatical meaning. Finally, more and more words can reflect the social situation, some words can reflect the psychological needs of people. As for function words, most adverbs and conjunctions are used more frequently than before. As a closed word, its basic quantity is stable, but these function words have obvious variation in usage and function. From the perspective of adverbs, first, two similar adverbs will produce functional variation; secondly, adverbs with the same function will produce variations in frequency. From the point of view of conjunctions, firstly, most people tend to use conjunctions in daily conversation, and secondly, the functions and usage of conjunctions become complex but systematic. The study of lexical variation not only makes sentence structure more complete, but also reflects the development of society and culture. In addition, lexical variation studies help people express themselves better and build harmonious interpersonal relationships. Therefore, the study of Chinese lexical variation has important theoretical significance and practical value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H136

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